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      Recent Advances in Sensing Applications of Graphene Assemblies and Their Composites

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          Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films

          We report a naturally-occurring two-dimensional material (graphene that can be viewed as a gigantic flat fullerene molecule, describe its electronic properties and demonstrate all-metallic field-effect transistor, which uniquely exhibits ballistic transport at submicron distances even at room temperature.
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            The rise of graphene

            Graphene is a rapidly rising star on the horizon of materials science and condensed matter physics. This strictly two-dimensional material exhibits exceptionally high crystal and electronic quality and, despite its short history, has already revealed a cornucopia of new physics and potential applications, which are briefly discussed here. Whereas one can be certain of the realness of applications only when commercial products appear, graphene no longer requires any further proof of its importance in terms of fundamental physics. Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena, some of which are unobservable in high energy physics, can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments. More generally, graphene represents a conceptually new class of materials that are only one atom thick and, on this basis, offers new inroads into low-dimensional physics that has never ceased to surprise and continues to provide a fertile ground for applications.
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              Three-dimensional flexible and conductive interconnected graphene networks grown by chemical vapour deposition.

              Integration of individual two-dimensional graphene sheets into macroscopic structures is essential for the application of graphene. A series of graphene-based composites and macroscopic structures have been recently fabricated using chemically derived graphene sheets. However, these composites and structures suffer from poor electrical conductivity because of the low quality and/or high inter-sheet junction contact resistance of the chemically derived graphene sheets. Here we report the direct synthesis of three-dimensional foam-like graphene macrostructures, which we call graphene foams (GFs), by template-directed chemical vapour deposition. A GF consists of an interconnected flexible network of graphene as the fast transport channel of charge carriers for high electrical conductivity. Even with a GF loading as low as ∼0.5 wt%, GF/poly(dimethyl siloxane) composites show a very high electrical conductivity of ∼10 S cm(-1), which is ∼6 orders of magnitude higher than chemically derived graphene-based composites. Using this unique network structure and the outstanding electrical and mechanical properties of GFs, as an example, we demonstrate the great potential of GF/poly(dimethyl siloxane) composites for flexible, foldable and stretchable conductors. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Advanced Functional Materials
                Adv. Funct. Mater.
                Wiley
                1616301X
                December 2017
                December 2017
                October 20 2017
                : 27
                : 46
                : 1702891
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Chemical Engineering; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide 5005 North Terrace South Australia Australia
                [2 ]ARC Research Hub for Graphene Enabled Industry Transformation; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide 5005 North Terrace, Adelaide South Australia Australia
                [3 ]Institute of Chemistry; Eötvös Loránd University; Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A H-1117 Budapest Hungary
                Article
                10.1002/adfm.201702891
                868f9c45-cb21-4b73-8e87-6aa9074218c2
                © 2017

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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