Molecular psychiatry of zebrafish

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Due to their well-characterized neural development and high genetic homology to mammals, zebrafish ( Danio rerio) have emerged as a powerful model organism in the field of biological psychiatry. Here, we discuss the molecular psychiatry of zebrafish, and its implications for translational neuroscience research and modeling CNS disorders. In particular, we outline recent genetic and technological developments allowing for in-vivo examinations, high-throughput screening and whole-brain analyses in larval and adult zebrafish. We also summarize the application of these molecular techniques to the understanding of neuropsychiatric disease, outlining the potential of zebrafish for modeling complex brain disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), aggression, post-traumatic stress and substance abuse. Critically evaluating the advantages and limitations of larval and adult fish tests, we suggest that zebrafish models become a rapidly emerging new field in modern biological psychiatry research.

Related collections

Most cited references 225

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Is Open Access

The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human genome.

Kerstin Howe, Matthew D. Clark, Carlos F Torroja … (2013)

Zebrafish have become a popular organism for the study of vertebrate gene function. The virtually transparent embryos of this species, and the ability to accelerate genetic studies by gene knockdown or overexpression, have led to the widespread use of zebrafish in the detailed investigation of vertebrate gene function and increasingly, the study of human genetic disease. However, for effective modelling of human genetic disease it is important to understand the extent to which zebrafish genes and gene structures are related to orthologous human genes. To examine this, we generated a high-quality sequence assembly of the zebrafish genome, made up of an overlapping set of completely sequenced large-insert clones that were ordered and oriented using a high-resolution high-density meiotic map. Detailed automatic and manual annotation provides evidence of more than 26,000 protein-coding genes, the largest gene set of any vertebrate so far sequenced. Comparison to the human reference genome shows that approximately 70% of human genes have at least one obvious zebrafish orthologue. In addition, the high quality of this genome assembly provides a clearer understanding of key genomic features such as a unique repeat content, a scarcity of pseudogenes, an enrichment of zebrafish-specific genes on chromosome 4 and chromosomal regions that influence sex determination.

0 comments Cited 1448 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

The neural basis of drug craving: an incentive-sensitization theory of addiction.

T E Robinson, K C Berridge (1993)

This paper presents a biopsychological theory of drug addiction, the 'Incentive-Sensitization Theory'. The theory addresses three fundamental questions. The first is: why do addicts crave drugs? That is, what is the psychological and neurobiological basis of drug craving? The second is: why does drug craving persist even after long periods of abstinence? The third is whether 'wanting' drugs (drug craving) is attributable to 'liking' drugs (to the subjective pleasurable effects of drugs)? The theory posits the following. (1) Addictive drugs share the ability to enhance mesotelencephalic dopamine neurotransmission. (2) One psychological function of this neural system is to attribute 'incentive salience' to the perception and mental representation of events associated with activation of the system. Incentive salience is a psychological process that transforms the perception of stimuli, imbuing them with salience, making them attractive, 'wanted', incentive stimuli. (3) In some individuals the repeated use of addictive drugs produces incremental neuroadaptations in this neural system, rendering it increasingly and perhaps permanently, hypersensitive ('sensitized') to drugs and drug-associated stimuli. The sensitization of dopamine systems is gated by associative learning, which causes excessive incentive salience to be attributed to the act of drug taking and to stimuli associated with drug taking. It is specifically the sensitization of incentive salience, therefore, that transforms ordinary 'wanting' into excessive drug craving. (4) It is further proposed that sensitization of the neural systems responsible for incentive salience ('for wanting') can occur independently of changes in neural systems that mediate the subjective pleasurable effects of drugs (drug 'liking') and of neural systems that mediate withdrawal. Thus, sensitization of incentive salience can produce addictive behavior (compulsive drug seeking and drug taking) even if the expectation of drug pleasure or the aversive properties of withdrawal are diminished and even in the face of strong disincentives, including the loss of reputation, job, home and family. We review evidence for this view of addiction and discuss its implications for understanding the psychology and neurobiology of addiction.

0 comments Cited 600 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Optimization of a GCaMP calcium indicator for neural activity imaging.

Jasper Akerboom, Tsai-Wen Chen, Trevor J. Wardill … (2012)

Genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) are powerful tools for systems neuroscience. Recent efforts in protein engineering have significantly increased the performance of GECIs. The state-of-the art single-wavelength GECI, GCaMP3, has been deployed in a number of model organisms and can reliably detect three or more action potentials in short bursts in several systems in vivo. Through protein structure determination, targeted mutagenesis, high-throughput screening, and a battery of in vitro assays, we have increased the dynamic range of GCaMP3 by severalfold, creating a family of "GCaMP5" sensors. We tested GCaMP5s in several systems: cultured neurons and astrocytes, mouse retina, and in vivo in Caenorhabditis chemosensory neurons, Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction and adult antennal lobe, zebrafish retina and tectum, and mouse visual cortex. Signal-to-noise ratio was improved by at least 2- to 3-fold. In the visual cortex, two GCaMP5 variants detected twice as many visual stimulus-responsive cells as GCaMP3. By combining in vivo imaging with electrophysiology we show that GCaMP5 fluorescence provides a more reliable measure of neuronal activity than its predecessor GCaMP3. GCaMP5 allows more sensitive detection of neural activity in vivo and may find widespread applications for cellular imaging in general.

0 comments Cited 460 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-journal-id): 9607835

Journal ID (pubmed-jr-id): 20545

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Mol Psychiatry

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Mol. Psychiatry

Title: Molecular psychiatry

ISSN (Print): 1359-4184

ISSN (Electronic): 1476-5578

Publication date Nihms-submitted: 4 November 2014

Publication date (Electronic): 28 October 2014

Publication date (Print): February 2015

Publication date PMC-release: 01 August 2015

Volume: 20

Issue: 1

Pages: 2-17

Affiliations

[1 ]ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA

[2 ]International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA

[3 ]Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia

[4 ]Department of Biology, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychiatry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK

[5 ]School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1-4NS, UK

[6 ]Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd N Mississauga, Ontario L5L1C6, Canada

[7 ]Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China

Author notes

[** ] Corresponding Author: Allan V. Kalueff, PhD, ZENEREI Institute and ZNRC, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA, Tel/Fax.: +1-240-328-2275, avkalueff@ 123456gmail.com

[*]

These authors have contributed equally to this MS

Article

Manuscript ID: NIHMS624697

DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.128

PMC ID: 4318706

PubMed ID: 25349164

SO-VID: 8fc3ca2d-b240-4e86-adce-70882da3a124

History

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Cited by 65

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 2,278

See all reference authors

Molecular psychiatry of zebrafish

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

Bacterial extracellular vesicles

Most cited references 225

The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human genome.

The neural basis of drug craving: an incentive-sensitization theory of addiction.

Optimization of a GCaMP calcium indicator for neural activity imaging.

Author and article information

Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Article

History

Categories

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 620

Cited by 65

Most referenced authors 2,278