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      The predictive ability of ABSI compared to BMI for mortality and frailty among older adults

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          To study the utility of A Body Shape Index (ABSI) alongside body mass index (BMI) to predict mortality and frailty in an aging community population.

          Materials and methods

          Participants ( n = 1,580) were drawn from the first Israeli national health and nutrition survey of older adults (“Mabat Zahav”) conducted from 2005 to 2006, constituting adults aged ≥65 years. Socio-demographic, clinical, behavioral, and psychosocial data were collected. Baseline weight, height, and waist circumference (WC) were measured and expressed as the allometric indices BMI (kg/m 2) and ABSI, a BMI-independent measure of abdominal obesity [WC/(BMI 2/3*m 1/2)]. Mortality follow-up lasted through 2019. Frailty was assessed in 2017–2019 by the Fried Biological Phenotype in a sub-cohort of 554 survivors. Cox and logistic regression models assessed associations of BMI and ABSI with mortality and frailty.

          Results

          At baseline, mean [SD] age was 74.5 [6.1] years, and 52.4% were women. The correlation between BMI and WC Z scores was 0.71, reduced to −0.11 for BMI and ABSI. Over a median follow-up of 13 years, 757 deaths occurred. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for mortality per standard deviation increase in BMI and ABSI were 1.07 (0.99;1.17) and 1.13 (1.05;1.21), respectively. Among participants assessed for frailty, 77 (14%) met the frailty criteria. After multivariable adjustment, the odds ratios (95% CIs) for frailty were 0.83 (0.69–1.01) for BMI and 1.55 (1.34–1.79) for ABSI.

          Discussion

          In a nationwide cohort of older adults, ABSI was independently associated with mortality risk. Furthermore, ABSI, but not BMI, was a strong predictor of frailty.

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          Most cited references53

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          "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician.

          M F Folstein, S Folstein, P R McHugh (1975)
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            Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype

            L P Fried, C Tangen, J Walston … (2001)
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              Prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review.

              Rose Collard, Han Boter, Robert A. Schoevers … (2012)
              To systematically compare and pool the prevalence of frailty, including prefrailty, reported in community-dwelling older people overall and according to sex, age, and definition of frailty used. Systematic review of the literature using the key words elderly, aged, frailty, prevalence, and epidemiology. Cross-sectional data from community-based cohorts. Community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older. In the studies that were found, frailty and prefrailty were measured according to physical phenotype and broad phenotype, the first defining frailty as a purely physical condition and the second also including psychosocial aspects. Reported prevalence in the community varies enormously (range 4.0-59.1%). The overall weighted prevalence of frailty was 10.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 10.5-10.9; 21 studies; 61,500 participants). The weighted prevalence was 9.9% for physical frailty (95% CI = 9.6-10.2; 15 studies; 44,894 participants) and 13.6% for the broad phenotype of frailty (95% CI = 13.2-14.0; 8 studies; 24,072 participants) (chi-square (χ(2) ) = 217.7, degrees of freedom (df)=1, P < .001). Prevalence increased with age (χ(2) = 6067, df = 1, P < .001) and was higher in women (9.6%, 95% CI = 9.2-10.0%) than in men (5.2%, 95% CI = 4.9-5.5%; χ(2) = 298.9 df = 1, P < .001). Frailty is common in later life, but different operationalization of frailty status results in widely differing prevalence between studies. Improving the comparability of epidemiological and clinical studies constitutes an important step forward. © 2012, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2012, The American Geriatrics Society.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Itamar Shafran: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2519608/overviewRole: Role:
                Nir Y. Krakauer: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2284962/overviewRole:
                Jesse C. Krakauer: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1417849/overviewRole: Role:
                Abigail Goshen: Role:
                Yariv Gerber: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2530824/overviewRole: Role:
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Nutr
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Nutr
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Nutr.
                Title: Frontiers in Nutrition
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 2296-861X
                Publication date (Electronic): 12 April 2024
                Publication date Collection: 2024
                Volume: 11
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1305330
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
                [2] 2Department of Civil Engineering, City College of New York , New York, NY, United States
                [3] 3Associated Physicians/Endocrinology , Berkley, MI, United States
                Author notes

                Edited by: Daniele Lettieri Barbato, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy

                Reviewed by: Ana Catarina Rocha, Universidade do Porto, Portugal

                Francesca Sciarretta, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy

                *Correspondence: Yariv Gerber, yarivg@ 123456tauex.tau.ac.il
                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1305330
                PMC ID: 11048479
                PubMed ID: 38680534
                SO-VID: 9309ffb8-510a-4297-9085-8573f9f5c394
                Copyright © Copyright © 2024 Shafran, Krakauer, Krakauer, Goshen and Gerber.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 01 October 2023
                Date accepted : 03 April 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 4, Equations: 2, References: 53, Pages: 9, Words: 6536
                Funding
                The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported in part by the Chief Scientist Office, Ministry of Health (grant no. 3-12787 to YG), the Israel Science Foundation (grant no. 2666/21 to YG), the Stanley Steyer Institute for Cancer Epidemiology and Research, and the Lilian and Marcel Pollak Chair in Biological Anthropology, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
                Categories
                Subject: Nutrition
                Subject: Original Research
                Custom metadata
                section-at-acceptance Nutritional Epidemiology

                Keywords: absi,bmi,mortality,frailty,healthy aging
                Data availability:
                Keywords: absi, bmi, mortality, frailty, healthy aging

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