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      Roca fosfórica acidulada como fuente de fósforo en un suelo ácido con o sin encalado Translated title: Acidulated phosphate rock as phosphorus source in limed and non-limed acid soils

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN La acidulación parcial de la roca fosfórica (RF) con ácido sulfúrico, ha sido usada con éxito para mejorar su solubilización e incrementar la eficiencia agronómica de esta fuente de P. Para comprobar la efectividad de la RF tratada con ácido sulfúrico y/o tiosulfato de amonio (TSA), se realizaron dos experimentos de invernadero con plantas de frijol cultivadas en potes. En el primer experimento se usó un suelo ácido (pH 3,3) deficiente en P mientras que en el segundo se usó el mismo suelo, encalado hasta pH 5,4. Las fuentes fosfatadas evaluadas fueron RF sin acidular, RF acidulada con ácido sulfúrico (RA), RF acidulada con una mezcla de 30 % de TSA y 70 % de ácido sulfúrico (R30T), RF acidulada con 100 % de TSA (R100T), y fosfato diamónico (FDA), además de un testigo sin tratar. Los tratamientos se distribuyeron en un diseño completamente aleatorizado con tres repeticiones. Después de 35 días de crecimiento del frijol se determinó la materia seca (MS), el P y Ca absorbido y el P y Ca residual en el suelo. La eficiencia de las fuentes de P en términos de incremento de MS y P absorbido siguió el orden, FDA>R30T=RA>RF=R100T, en ambos ensayos. Los tratamientos R30T y RA presentaron igual efectividad, y en vista de que en experiencias previas se obtuvo similar respuesta en plantas gramíneas, se concluye que R30T representa una alternativa de roca fosfórica parcialmente acidulada económica para ser usada en una amplia gama de cultivos de ciclo corto como el frijol.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Partial acidulation of the phosphate rock (PR) with sulfuric acid (SA) has been successfully used to improve its solubility and increment the agronomic effectiveness of this P source. To prove the efficiency of PR acidulated with SA and/or ammonium thiosulfate (ATS), two greenhouse experiments were conducted with potted cowpea plants grown on non-limed (pH 3,3) and limed soils (pH 5,4), low in P. The P sources evaluated were PR without acidulation, PR acidulated with 30 % ATS and 70 % SA (R30T), RF acidulated with ATS alone (R100T), PR acidulated with SA alone (RA), and diammonium phosphate (DAP), along with a non treated control. In each soil, the treatments were tested in a completely randomized design with three repetitions. After 35 d of crop growth the plants were harvested and the dry matter (DM), P and Ca uptake, and soil residual P and Ca were determined. The effectiveness of the P sources in terms of increasing DM and P uptake followed the order of DAP>R30T=RA>PR=R100T, in both soils. The treatments R30T and RA presented same effectiveness, and since in previous experiences similar results were found in gramineous plants, it is concluded that R30T represents an alternative of partially acidulated phosphate rock suitable for a wide range of annual crops.

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          Most cited references36

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          Mechanisms of adaptation of plants to acid soils

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            Agronomic Value of Unacidulated and Partially Acidulated Phosphate Rocks Indigenous to the Tropics

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              Response of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) to inoculation with VA-mycorrhizal fungi and to rock phosphate fertilization in some unsterilized Nigerian soils

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ba
                Bioagro
                Bioagro
                Decanato de Agronomía de la Universidad Centroccidental "Lisandro Alvarado" (UCLA) (Barquisimeto )
                1316-3361
                December 2007
                : 19
                : 3
                : 161-168
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado Venezuela
                [2 ] Universidad Central de Venezuela Venezuela
                Article
                S1316-33612007000300006
                95d7f7d4-5ef2-46d0-a79c-8d294358410d

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Venezuela

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1316-3361&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
                BIOLOGY
                ZOOLOGY

                General life sciences,General agriculture,Animal science & Zoology
                Agronomic efficiency,Eficiencia agronómica,frijol,tiosulfato de amonio,cowpea,ammonium thiosulfate

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