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      Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) Fruit as Potential Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents

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          Abstract

          Date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) is the most popular fruit in the Middle East and North Africa. It is consumed widely and has been used for traditional medicine purposes for a long time. The fruits are nutrient rich, containing dietary fibers, sugar, protein, vitamins, minerals, flavonoid, and phenolic compounds. Due to the presence of the phenolic compounds, date palm fruits are antioxidant rich with potent bioactivities against several bacterial pathogens. Therefore, on the basis of the available evidence as reviewed in this paper, it was found that date fruits are a good source of natural antioxidants, which can be used for the management of oxidative stress–related and infectious diseases.

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          Date fruit ( Phoenix dactylifera L.): An underutilized food seeking industrial valorization

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            The flavonoid glycosides and procyanidin composition of Deglet Noor dates (Phoenix dactylifera).

            The fruits of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) are consumed throughout the world and are an important part of the diet in the Middle East. Dates at the rutab and tamar maturity and ripening stages contain a wide array of phenolic antioxidants, but little is known about the composition of phenolic compounds in dates at the khalal stage of ripening. In the current study, the flavonoid glycoside and procyanidin compositions of dates of the cultivar Deglet Noor harvested at the khalal stage of maturity were characterized using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS/MS). Procyanidin oligomers through decamers were identified in extracts of these dates. Higher molecular weight polymers, undecamers through heptadecamers, were also apparent from mass spectra. Thirteen flavonoid glycosides of luteolin, quercetin, and apigenin, 19 when considering isomeric forms, were also identified. Mass spectra indicate that both methylated and sulfated forms of luteolin and quercetin are present as mono-, di-, and triglycosylated conjugates whereas apigenin is present as only the diglycoside. LC-ESI/MS/MS spectra indicate that quercetin and luteolin formed primarily O-glycosidic linkages whereas apigenin is present as the C-glycoside.
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              Beginnings and early history of date palm garden cultivation in the Middle East

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Pharm Bioallied Sci
                J Pharm Bioallied Sci
                JPBS
                Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                0976-4879
                0975-7406
                Jan-Mar 2019
                : 11
                : 1
                : 1-11
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Hussah Abdullah Al-Shwyeh, Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: al-shwyeh-hussah@ 123456hotmail.com
                Article
                JPBS-11-1
                10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_168_18
                6394164
                30906133
                9654db1f-3881-443d-ba0c-4fa5fc4d6e3f
                Copyright: © 2019 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences

                This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

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                Categories
                Review Article

                Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                antibacterial,antimicrobial,antioxidant,date fruit,phoenix dactylifera

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