Population Mobility, Globalization, and Antimicrobial Drug Resistance

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Human travel contributes to antimicrobial drug resistance around the world.

Related collections

Most cited references 20

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Fate and transport of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes following land application of manure waste.

Joanne Chee-Sanford, Roderick Mackie, Satoshi Koike … (2015)

Antibiotics are used in animal livestock production for therapeutic treatment of disease and at subtherapeutic levels for growth promotion and improvement of feed efficiency. It is estimated that approximately 75% of antibiotics are not absorbed by animals and are excreted in waste. Antibiotic resistance selection occurs among gastrointestinal bacteria, which are also excreted in manure and stored in waste holding systems. Land application of animal waste is a common disposal method used in the United States and is a means for environmental entry of both antibiotics and genetic resistance determinants. Concerns for bacterial resistance gene selection and dissemination of resistance genes have prompted interest about the concentrations and biological activity of drug residues and break-down metabolites, and their fate and transport. Fecal bacteria can survive for weeks to months in the environment, depending on species and temperature, however, genetic elements can persist regardless of cell viability. Phylogenetic analyses indicate antibiotic resistance genes have evolved, although some genes have been maintained in bacteria before the modern antibiotic era. Quantitative measurements of drug residues and levels of resistance genes are needed, in addition to understanding the environmental mechanisms of genetic selection, gene acquisition, and the spatiotemporal dynamics of these resistance genes and their bacterial hosts. This review article discusses an accumulation of findings that address aspects of the fate, transport, and persistence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in natural environments, with emphasis on mechanisms pertaining to soil environments following land application of animal waste effluent.

0 comments Cited 197 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Detection of influenza viruses resistant to neuraminidase inhibitors in global surveillance during the first 3 years of their use.

Arnold Monto, Alexander Klimov, Alan Hay … (2006)

Emergence of influenza viruses with reduced susceptibility to neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) develops at a low level following drug treatment, and person-to-person transmission of resistant virus has not been recognized to date. The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Susceptibility Network (NISN) was established to follow susceptibility of isolates and occurrence of NAI resistance at a population level in various parts of the world. Isolates from the WHO influenza collaborating centers were screened for susceptibilities to oseltamivir and zanamivir by a chemiluminescent enzyme inhibition assay, and those considered potentially resistant were analyzed by sequence analysis of the neuraminidase genes. During the first 3 years of NAI use (1999 to 2002), 2,287 isolates were tested. Among them, eight (0.33%) viruses had a >10-fold decrease in susceptibility to oseltamivir, one (0.22%) in 1999 to 2000, three (0.36%) in 2000 to 2001, and four (0.41%) in 2001 to 2002. Six had unique changes in the neuraminidase gene compared to neuraminidases of the same subtype in the influenza sequence database. Although only one of the mutations had previously been recognized in persons receiving NAIs, none were from patients who were known to have received the drugs. During the 3 years preceding NAI use, no resistant variants were detected among 1,054 viruses. Drug use was relatively stable during the period, except for an approximate 10-fold increase in oseltamivir use in Japan during the third year. The frequency of variants with decreased sensitivity to the NAIs did not increase significantly during this period, but continued surveillance is required, especially in regions with higher NAI use.

0 comments Cited 101 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Candida albicans and Candida glabrata clinical isolates exhibiting reduced echinocandin susceptibility.

Michael Pfaller, T D Edlind, Santosh Katiyar (2006)

A recognized hotspot for mutations conferring reduced echinocandin susceptibility (RES) is residue S645 of Candida albicans Gsc1(Fks1). We report that the mutation F641Y is associated with RES in a C. albicans isolate. The analogous Fks2 residue is mutated F to V in a Candida glabrata RES isolate; the introduction of this mutation into susceptible C. glabrata confirmed its role in RES. Y641-equivalent Fks residues were identified in intrinsically RES Fusarium species and Candida guilliermondii.

0 comments Cited 42 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis

Journal ID (publisher-id): EID

Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases

Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

ISSN (Print): 1080-6040

ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059

Publication date (Print): November 2009

Volume: 15

Issue: 11

Pages: 1727-1731

Affiliations

[1]Migration Health Consultants Inc., Cheltenham, Ontario, Canada (D.W. MacPherson)

[2]McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (D.W. MacPherson)

[3]Migration Health Consultants Inc., Singapore (B.D. Gushulak)

[4]Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland, USA (W.B. Baine)

[5]Food and Drug Administration, Rockville (S. Bala)

[6]University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA (P.O. Gubbins)

[7]Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA (P. Holtom)

[8]Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA (M. Segarra-Newnham)

Author notes

Address for correspondence: Douglas W. MacPherson, 14130 Creditview Rd, Cheltenham, Ontario L7C 1Y4, Canada; email: douglaswmacpherson@ 123456migrationhealth.com

Article

Publisher ID: 09-0419

DOI: 10.3201/eid1511.090419

PMC ID: 2857230

PubMed ID: 19891858

SO-VID: a6778ff3-735a-43cb-a11a-f8ddce6530b0

Population Mobility, Globalization, and Antimicrobial Drug Resistance

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

Point-Of-Care Testing for AMR

Most cited references 20

Fate and transport of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes following land application of manure waste.

Detection of influenza viruses resistant to neuraminidase inhibitors in global surveillance during the first 3 years of their use.

Candida albicans and Candida glabrata clinical isolates exhibiting reduced echinocandin susceptibility.

Author and article information

Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Article

History

Categories

Comments

Comment on this article

Cited by 53

Most referenced authors 147