The effect of educational intervention based on theory of planned behavior on the improvement of colorectal cancer screening intention among average-risk individuals referring to Asadabad city clinics

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Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and the fourth most common cancer in women in Iran. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on the improvement of CRC screening intention among average-risk individuals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This quasi-experimental study was performed on the 50–69-year-old individuals referred to Asadabad city clinics in 2020. The individuals were randomly assigned to multistage cluster sampling in each intervention and control group. The instrument used in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire based on TPB. Educational intervention was conducted for the intervention group, one of their family members, and staff of clinic under intervention. Finally, the data were entered into SPSS and analyzed utilizing descriptive and analytical statistics. Results were considered significantly <0.05.

RESULTS:

There were no significant differences between two intervention and control groups in the preintervention phase in terms of the mean scores of attitude ( P = 0.58), subjective norms ( P = 0.59), and behavioral intention ( P = 0.66). However, in the postintervention phase, these differences were significant. Furthermore, regarding the mean score of perceived behavioral control, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the preintervention phase ( P < 0.02), while in the postintervention phase, this difference was not significant ( P = 0.29).

CONCLUSION:

Educational intervention based on the TPB has been effective in improving the CRC screening intention among average-risk individuals. Therefore, using the results of this research and developing appropriate educational programs at the community level can be increased the participation of community members in CRC screening programs.

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Most cited references 31

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Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.

Melina Arnold, Mónica S Sierra, Mathieu Laversanne … (2016)

The global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is expected to increase by 60% to more than 2.2 million new cases and 1.1 million deaths by 2030. In this study, we aim to describe the recent CRC incidence and mortality patterns and trends linking the findings to the prospects of reducing the burden through cancer prevention and care.

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The role of behavioral science theory in development and implementation of public health interventions.

Karen Glanz, Donald Bishop (2010)

Increasing evidence suggests that public health and health-promotion interventions that are based on social and behavioral science theories are more effective than those lacking a theoretical base. This article provides an overview of the state of the science of theory use for designing and conducting health-promotion interventions. Influential contemporary perspectives stress the multiple determinants and multiple levels of determinants of health and health behavior. We describe key types of theory and selected often-used theories and their key concepts, including the health belief model, the transtheoretical model, social cognitive theory, and the ecological model. This summary is followed by a review of the evidence about patterns and effects of theory use in health behavior intervention research. Examples of applied theories in three large public health programs illustrate the feasibility, utility, and challenges of using theory-based interventions. This review concludes by identifying cross-cutting themes and important future directions for bridging the divides between theory, practice, and research.

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Colorectal cancer: from prevention to personalized medicine.

Alex Teulé, Gemma Binefa, Manuel Adam-Medina … (2014)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a very heterogeneous disease that is caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. CRC develops through a gradual accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes, leading to the transformation of normal colonic mucosa into invasive cancer. CRC is one of the most prevalent and incident cancers worldwide, as well as one of the most deadly. Approximately 1235108 people are diagnosed annually with CRC, and 609051 die from CRC annually. The World Health Organization estimates an increase of 77% in the number of newly diagnosed cases of CRC and an increase of 80% in deaths from CRC by 2030. The incidence of CRC can benefit from different strategies depending on its stage: health promotion through health education campaigns (when the disease is not yet present), the implementation of screening programs (for detection of the disease in its early stages), and the development of nearly personalized treatments according to both patient characteristics (age, sex) and the cancer itself (gene expression). Although there are different strategies for screening and although the number of such strategies is increasing due to the potential of emerging technologies in molecular marker application, not all strategies meet the criteria required for screening tests in population programs; the three most accepted tests are the fecal occult blood test (FOBT), colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy. FOBT is the most used method for CRC screening worldwide and is also the primary choice in most population-based screening programs in Europe. Due to its non-invasive nature and low cost, it is one of the most accepted techniques by population. CRC is a very heterogeneous disease, and with a few exceptions (APC, p53, KRAS), most of the genes involved in CRC are observed in a small percentage of cases. The design of genetic and epigenetic marker panels that are able to provide maximum coverage in the diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia seems a reasonable strategy. In recent years, the use of DNA, RNA and protein markers in different biological samples has been explored as strategies for CRC diagnosis. Although there is not yet sufficient evidence to recommend the analysis of biomarkers such as DNA, RNA or proteins in the blood or stool, it is likely that given the quick progression of technology tools in molecular biology, increasingly sensitive and less expensive, these tools will gradually be employed in clinical practice and will likely be developed in mass.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Educ Health Promot

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Educ Health Promot

Journal ID (publisher-id): JEHP

Title: Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Publisher: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow (India )

ISSN (Print): 2277-9531

ISSN (Electronic): 2319-6440

Publication date Collection: 2021

Publication date (Electronic): 27 February 2021

Volume: 10

Electronic Location Identifier: 57

Affiliations

[1] Department of Public Health, School of Health, Reproductive Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

[1 ] Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran

[2 ] Department of Health Services and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Author notes

Address for correspondence: Dr. Fatemeh Darabi, Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran. E-mail: fatemedarabi43@ 123456yahoo.com

Article

Publisher ID: JEHP-10-57

DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_741_20

PMC ID: 8057192

PubMed ID: 34084804

SO-VID: a7fcebb6-7c75-453b-8685-fe3673ad78e1

License:

This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

The effect of educational intervention based on theory of planned behavior on the improvement of colorectal cancer screening intention among average-risk individuals referring to Asadabad city clinics

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Abstract

BACKGROUND:

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

RESULTS:

CONCLUSION:

Related collections

Karger: Oncology

Most cited references 31

Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.

The role of behavioral science theory in development and implementation of public health interventions.

Colorectal cancer: from prevention to personalized medicine.

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