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      Online stroke forum as source of data for qualitative research: insights from a comparison with patients’ interviews

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          Abstract

          Objective

          To determine the appropriateness of an online forum compared with face-to-face interviews as a source of data for qualitative research on adherence to secondary prevention medications after stroke.

          Design

          A comparison of attributes of two data sources, interviews and a forum, using realistic evaluation; a comparison of themes around adherence according to the Perceptions and Practicalities Approach (PAPA) framework.

          Setting

          Interviews were conducted in UK GP practices in 2013 and 2014; online posts were written by UK stroke survivors and family members taking part in the online forum of the Stroke Association between 2004 and 2011.

          Participants

          42 interview participants: 28 stroke survivors (age range 61–92 years) and 14 caregivers (85% spouses). 84 online forum participants: 49 stroke survivors (age range 32–72 years) and 33 caregivers (60% sons/daughters).

          Results

          10 attributes were identified within the two data sources and categorised under three domains (context, mechanisms and outcomes). Participants’ characteristics of forum users were often missing. Most forum participants had experienced a stroke within the previous 12 months, while interviewees had done so 1–5 years previously.

          All interview themes could be matched with corresponding themes from the forum. The forum yielded three additional themes: influence of bad press on taking statins, criticisms of clinicians’ prescribing practices and caregiver burden in assisting with medications and being advocates for survivors with healthcare professionals.

          Conclusions

          An online forum is an appropriate source of data for qualitative research on patients’ and caregivers’ issues with adherence to secondary prevention stroke medications and may offer additional insights compared with interviews, which can be attributed to differences in the approach to data collection.

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          Most cited references36

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          Using thematic analysis in psychology

          Virginia Braun, Victoria Clarke (2014)
          Article 0 comments Cited 17283 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Patients' use of the Internet for medical information.

            Joseph Diaz, Rebecca A Griffith, James J Ng … (2002)
            To determine the percentage of patients enrolled in a primary care practice who use the Internet for health information, to describe the types of information sought, to evaluate patients' perceptions of the quality of this information, and to determine if patients who use the Internet for health information discuss this with their doctors. Self-administered mailed survey. Patients from a primary care internal medicine private practice. Randomly selected patients ( N=1,000) were mailed a confidential survey between December 1999 and March 2000. The response rate was 56.2%. Of the 512 patients who returned the survey, 53.5% (274) stated that they used the Internet for medical information. Those using the Internet for medical information were more educated ( P <.001) and had higher incomes ( P <.001). Respondents used the Internet for information on a broad range of medical topics. Sixty percent felt that the information on the Internet was the "same as" or "better than" information from their doctors. Of those using the Internet for health information, 59% did not discuss this information with their doctor. Neither gender, education level, nor age less than 60 years was associated with patients sharing their Web searches with their physicians. However, patients who discussed this information with their doctors rated the quality of information higher than those who did not share this information with their providers. Primary care providers should recognize that patients are using the World Wide Web as a source of medical and health information and should be prepared to offer suggestions for Web-based health resources and to assist patients in evaluating the quality of medical information available on the Internet.
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              European citizens' use of E-health services: A study of seven countries

              Hege K Andreassen, Maria Bujnowska-Fedak, Catherine E Chronaki … (2007)
              Background European citizens are increasingly being offered Internet health services. This study investigated patterns of health-related Internet use, its consequences, and citizens' expectations about their doctors' provision of e-health services. Methods Representative samples were obtained from the general populations in Norway, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Poland, Portugal and Latvia. The total sample consisted of 7934 respondents. Interviews were conducted by telephone. Results 44 % of the total sample, 71 % of the Internet users, had used the Internet for health purposes. Factors that positively affected the use of Internet for health purposes were youth, higher education, white-collar or no paid job, visits to the GP during the past year, long-term illness or disabilities, and a subjective assessment of one's own health as good. Women were the most active health users among those who were online. One in four of the respondents used the Internet to prepare for or follow up doctors' appointments. Feeling reassured after using the Internet for health purposes was twice as common as experiencing anxieties. When choosing a new doctor, more than a third of the sample rated the provision of e-health services as important. Conclusion The users of Internet health services differ from the general population when it comes to health and demographic variables. The most common way to use the Internet in health matters is to read information, second comes using the net to decide whether to see a doctor and to prepare for and follow up on doctors' appointments. Hence, health-related use of the Internet does affect patients' use of other health services, but it would appear to supplement rather than to replace other health services.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMJ Open
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMJ Open
                Journal ID (hwp): bmjopen
                Journal ID (publisher-id): bmjopen
                Title: BMJ Open
                Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group (BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2044-6055
                Publication date Collection: 2018
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 March 2018
                Volume: 8
                Issue: 3
                Electronic Location Identifier: e020133
                Affiliations
                [1 ]departmentPrimary Care Unit, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site , University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine , Cambridge, UK
                [2 ]departmentCentre for Primary Care and Public Health , Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , London, UK
                Author notes
                [Correspondence to ] James Jamison; jj285@ 123456medschl.cam.ac.uk
                Article
                Publisher ID: bmjopen-2017-020133
                DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020133
                PMC ID: 5884329
                PubMed ID: 29602848
                SO-VID: a87d9faa-3a3e-47ba-9f03-81e63a4b4d9e
                Copyright © © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt and build upon this work, for commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Date received : 17 October 2017
                Date revision received : 19 January 2018
                Date accepted : 15 February 2018
                Funding
                Funded by: Stroke Association and British Heart Foundation;
                Categories
                Subject: Research Methods
                Subject: Research
                Subject: 1506
                Subject: 1730
                Custom metadata
                special-feature unlocked

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: stroke medicine,qualitative research,online forum,methodology
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: stroke medicine, qualitative research, online forum, methodology

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