An ultrafast laser technique is developed to construct a three-dimensional pattern with high wettability contrast on a superhydrophobic TiO 2 nanotube array surface for droplet manipulation and biomedical scaffold.
A novel femtosecond laser patterning technique is reported to construct a three-dimensional (3D) wettability pattern on a superhydrophobic TiO 2 nanotube array (TNA) surface in one-step. A 3D binary TNA pattern with extremely high contrast for microfluidic manipulators and biomedical scaffolds is used to guide droplet transportation and human mesenchymal stem cell site-selective growth, respectively.