Properties of Experimental Dental Composites Containing Antibacterial Silver-Releasing Filler

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Abstract

Secondary caries is one of the important issues related to using dental composite restorations. Effective prevention of cariogenic bacteria survival may reduce this problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity and physical properties of composite materials with silver sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate (SSHZP). The antibacterial filler was introduced at concentrations of 1%, 4%, 7%, 10%, 13%, and 16% ( w/ w) into model composite material consisting of methacrylate monomers and silanized glass and silica fillers. The in vitro reduction in the number of viable cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans ATCC 33535 colonies, Vickers microhardness, compressive strength, diametral tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus, sorption, solubility, degree of conversion, and color stability were investigated. An increase in antimicrobial filler concentration resulted in a statistically significant reduction in bacteria. There were no statistically significant differences caused by the introduction of the filler in compressive strength, diametral tensile strength, flexural modulus, and solubility. Statistically significant changes in degree of conversion, flexural strength, hardness (decrease), solubility (increase), and in color were registered. A favorable combination of antibacterial properties and other properties was achieved at SSHZP concentrations from 4% to 13%. These composites exhibited properties similar to the control material and enhanced in vitro antimicrobial efficiency.

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Thermal cycling procedures for laboratory testing of dental restorations.

Craig M. Gale, B W Darvell (1999)

Exposure of restorations in extracted teeth to cyclic thermal fluctuations to simulate one of the many factors in the oral environment has been common in many tracer penetration, marginal gap and bond strength laboratory tests. Temperature changes used have rarely been substantiated with temperature measurements made in vivo and vary considerably between reports. Justification and standardization of regimen are required. An assessment of reports describing temperature changes of teeth in vivo is followed by an analysis of 130 studies of laboratory thermal cycling of teeth by 99 first authors selected from 25 journals. A clinically relevant thermal cycling regimen was derived from the in vivo information, and is suggested as a benchmark standard. Variation of regimens used was large, making comparison of reports difficult. Reports of testing the effects of thermal cycling were often contradictory, but generally leakage increased with thermal stress, although it has never been demonstrated that cyclic testing is relevant to clinical failures. However, should this be done, the standard cyclic regimen defined is: 35 degrees C (28 s), 15 degrees C (2 s), 35 degrees C (28 s), 45 degrees C (2 s). No evidence of the number of cycles likely to be experienced in vivo was found and this requires investigation, but a provisional estimate of approximately 10,000 cycles per year is suggested. Thermal stressing of restoration interfaces is only of value when the initial bond is already known to be reliable. This is not the case for most current restorative materials.

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Antibacterial activity of dental composites containing quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine nanoparticles against Streptococcus mutans.

Ran Bahir, Ervin Weiss, Abraham J. Domb … (2006)

The antibacterial activity of quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine (PEI) nanoparticles embedded at 1%w/w with clinically used bonding, flowable and hybrid dental composite resins and cured by light polymerization was studied. The antibacterial activity was tested with Streptoccocus mutans by: (i) the agar diffusion test (ADT); (ii) the direct contact test; (iii) bacterial growth in the materials elute; (iv) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Using the direct contact test, antibacterial activity (p<0.001) was found in all three types of composite resins incorporated with the synthesized nanoparticles. The effect lasted for at least 1 month. SEM demonstrated bacterial debris and no streptococcal chains at 24h of bacterial contact. The addition of 1%w/w of nanoparticles did not affect the flexural modulus and the flexural strength of the dental composite materials. The results indicate that quaternary ammonium PEI nanoparticles immobilized in resin-based materials have a strong antibacterial activity upon contact without leach-out of the nanoparticles and without compromise in mechanical properties.

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An application of nanotechnology in advanced dental materials.

Li-dong Wu, Sumita Mitra, DaJuanicia N. Holmes (2003)

This article reports the authors' development of nanofillers and a resulting nanocomposite. They measured the nanocomposite's properties in vitro in comparison with those of several existing composites (hybrids, microhybrids and microfill). The authors developed two types of nanofillers: nanomeric particles and nanoclusters. They used optimal combinations of these nanofillers in a proprietary resin matrix to prepare the nanocomposite system with a wide range of shades and opacities. The properties they studied were compressive, diametral tensile and flexural strengths; in vitro three-body wear; fracture resistance; polish retention; and surface morphology after toothbrush abrasion. They performed statistical analysis using analysis of variance/Tukey-Kramer paired analysis at a 95 percent confidence interval. The compressive and diametral strengths and the fracture resistance of the nanocomposite were equivalent to or higher than those of the other commercial composites tested. The three-body wear results of the nanocomposite system were statistically better than those of all other composites tested. The nanocomposite showed better polish retention than the hybrids and microhybrids tested at the extended brushing periods. After extended toothbrush abrasion, the dentin, body and enamel shades showed polish retention equivalent to that of the microfill tested, while translucent shades showed better polish retention than the microfill. The dental nanocomposite system studied showed high translucency, high polish and polish retention similar to those of microfills while maintaining physical properties and wear resistance equivalent to those of several hybrid composites. The strength and esthetic properties of the resin-based nanocomposite tested should allow the clinician to use it for both anterior and posterior restorations.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Materials (Basel)

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Materials (Basel)

Journal ID (publisher-id): materials

Title: Materials

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 1996-1944

Publication date (Electronic): 18 June 2018

Publication date Collection: June 2018

Volume: 11

Issue: 6

Electronic Location Identifier: 1031

Affiliations

[1 ]Private Practice, Center of Dentistry and Implantology, ul. Karpińskiego 3, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland; robert.stencel@ 123456op.pl

[2 ]Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, pl. Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland; kroczek91@ 123456interia.pl

[3 ]Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; wojciech.pakiela@ 123456polsl.pl

[4 ]Chair and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; amertas@ 123456sum.edu.pl (A.M.); ebobela@ 123456sum.edu.pl (E.B.)

[5 ]Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; Izabela.Barszczewska-Rybarek@ 123456polsl.pl

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: grzegorz.chladek@ 123456polsl.pl ; Tel.: +48-32-237-2907

Article

Publisher ID: materials-11-01031

DOI: 10.3390/ma11061031

PMC ID: 6025467

PubMed ID: 29912158

SO-VID: b029bff1-5d29-4d46-9c80-f20f188f9cee

License:

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Properties of Experimental Dental Composites Containing Antibacterial Silver-Releasing Filler

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Abstract

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Photoluminescent Nanomaterials

Most cited references 124

Thermal cycling procedures for laboratory testing of dental restorations.

Antibacterial activity of dental composites containing quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine nanoparticles against Streptococcus mutans.

An application of nanotechnology in advanced dental materials.

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