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      • Record: found
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      The Effect of Happiness Educational Program of Fordyce on the Sense of Coherence and Psychological Well-being of Adolescents with a Parent with Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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          A BSTRACT

          Background:

          Having a parent with cancer is one of the risk factors for adolescents, which makes them face many psychological problems. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of Happiness Educational Program of Fordyce on the sense of coherence and psychological well-being of adolescents who have a parent with cancer.

          Methods:

          In this randomized clinical trial study, 92 adolescents whose diagnosed parents have referred to the oncology ward of Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Yasuj, from June to September 2021, were selected through the convenience sampling method; however, they were randomly assigned to one of the two groups of the intervention or control. The number of sessions in the intervention group was 6, each consisting of 60 minutes and performed one day a week for 6 weeks. In addition to the demographic information form, the Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Questionnaire-13 and the Ryff’s scale of Psychological Well-being-18 were used before and immediately after the intervention. Data were analyzed through SPSS software, version 21, using statistical tests of Chi-square, t-test, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon.

          Results:

          After the intervention, statistically significant differences were observed in the median scores of the sense of coherence (P<0.001) and psychological well-being (P<0.001) between the two groups of intervention and control.

          Conclusion:

          Although the Happiness Educational Program of Fordyce could improve the sense of coherence and psychological well-being of adolescents who have a parent with cancer, more investigations are recommended to be conducted.

          Trial Registration Number: IRCT20210331050795N1.

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          Most cited references38

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          Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

          Hyuna Sung, Jacques Ferlay, Rebecca Siegel … (2021)
          This article provides an update on the global cancer burden using the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Worldwide, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths (9.9 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) occurred in 2020. Female breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases (11.7%), followed by lung (11.4%), colorectal (10.0 %), prostate (7.3%), and stomach (5.6%) cancers. Lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death, with an estimated 1.8 million deaths (18%), followed by colorectal (9.4%), liver (8.3%), stomach (7.7%), and female breast (6.9%) cancers. Overall incidence was from 2-fold to 3-fold higher in transitioned versus transitioning countries for both sexes, whereas mortality varied <2-fold for men and little for women. Death rates for female breast and cervical cancers, however, were considerably higher in transitioning versus transitioned countries (15.0 vs 12.8 per 100,000 and 12.4 vs 5.2 per 100,000, respectively). The global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47% rise from 2020, with a larger increase in transitioning (64% to 95%) versus transitioned (32% to 56%) countries due to demographic changes, although this may be further exacerbated by increasing risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts to build a sustainable infrastructure for the dissemination of cancer prevention measures and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries is critical for global cancer control.
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            Cancer statistics, 2016.

            Rebecca L Siegel, Kimberly D Miller, Ahmedin Jemal (2016)
            Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data were collected by the National Cancer Institute (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results [SEER] Program), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (National Program of Cancer Registries), and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2016, 1,685,210 new cancer cases and 595,690 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Overall cancer incidence trends (13 oldest SEER registries) are stable in women, but declining by 3.1% per year in men (from 2009-2012), much of which is because of recent rapid declines in prostate cancer diagnoses. The cancer death rate has dropped by 23% since 1991, translating to more than 1.7 million deaths averted through 2012. Despite this progress, death rates are increasing for cancers of the liver, pancreas, and uterine corpus, and cancer is now the leading cause of death in 21 states, primarily due to exceptionally large reductions in death from heart disease. Among children and adolescents (aged birth-19 years), brain cancer has surpassed leukemia as the leading cause of cancer death because of the dramatic therapeutic advances against leukemia. Accelerating progress against cancer requires both increased national investment in cancer research and the application of existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population.
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              The structure and properties of the sense of coherence scale.

              A Antonovsky (1993)
              Previous work of the author presents a salutogenic theoretical model designed to explain maintenance or improvement of location on a health ease/dis-ease continuum. The model's core construct, the Sense of Coherence (SOC), was consciously formulated in terms which are thought to be applicable crossculturally. The SOC scale which operationalizes the construct is a 29-item semantic differential questionnaire, its design guided by Guttman's facet theory. A 13-item version of the scale has also been used. The purpose of the present paper is to present the extant evidence from studies conducted in 20 countries for the feasibility, reliability and validity of the scale, as well as normative data. In 26 studies using SOC-29 the Cronbach alpha measure of internal consistency has ranged from 0.82 to 0.95. The alphas of 16 studies using SOC-13 range from 0.74 to 0.91. The relatively few test-retest correlations show considerable stability, e.g. 0.54 over a 2-year period among retirees. The systematic procedure used in scale construction and examination of the final product by many colleagues points to a high level of content, face and consensual validity. The few data sets available point to a high level of construct validity. Criterion validity is examined by presenting correlational data between the SOC and measures in four domains: a global orientation to oneself and one's environment (19 r's); stressors (11 r's); health, illness and wellbeing (32 r's); attitudes and behavior (5 r's). The great majority of correlations are statistically significant. All available published normative data on SOC-29 and SOC-13 are presented, data which bear upon validity using the known groups technique.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery
                Title: International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery
                Publisher: Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Iran )
                ISSN (Print): 2322-2476
                ISSN (Electronic): 2322-4835
                Publication date Collection: April 2024
                Publication date (Electronic): 01 April 2024
                Volume: 12
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 98-108
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
                [2 ] Department of Surgery, School of Paramedicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
                [3 ] Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Zohreh Karimi, PhD; Department of Surgery Room School of Paramedicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Jalil Street, Postal code: 75917-41417, Yasuj- Iran Tel: +98 74 33235138; Fax: +98 74 33224721-2; Email: karimiz48@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: IJCBNM-12-2
                DOI: 10.30476/IJCBNM.2024.100406.2359
                PMC ID: 11032422
                PubMed ID: 38650955
                SO-VID: b22ac1d4-dfe4-459b-a67b-f3ac615f30e5
                Copyright © Copyright: © International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

                History
                Date revision received : 16 February 2024
                Date accepted : 3 March 2024
                Date received : 24 November 2023
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                Keywords: happiness, sense of coherence, psychological well-being, adolescent
                Data availability:
                Keywords: happiness, sense of coherence, psychological well-being, adolescent

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