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      Efectos de la agricultura intensiva y el cambio climático sobre la biodiversidad Translated title: Effects of intensive agriculture and climate change on biodiversity

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          Abstract

          Resumen La biodiversidad está siendo afectada por la sobreexplotación de recursos naturales, el incremento de especies invasoras, el cambio climático, agricultura y la ganadería intensiva. Entre ellos, el cultivo intensivo de soya ha desplazado a los otros productos como el arroz y el trigo; el cultivo intensivo, induce al mayor uso de agroquímicos que genera severos efectos socio ambientales, en particular sobre la biodiversidad. El objetivo del estudio fue compilar literatura científica producida sobre la pérdida de biodiversidad causada por la agricultura intensiva y el cambio climático, y dentro de ellas los posibles efectos en la interrelación entre el ser humano y el medio ambiente. El procedimiento metodológico fue la revisión sistemática desarrollado en marzo de 2021, usando operadores booleanos AND, OR, NOT con términos “biodiversity”, “climate change” y “agriculture” en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y Scielo. Los resultados identifican que al menos existían en Web of science (99 temas), Scopus (155 temas) y Scielo (36 temas) que evidencian la pérdida de biodiversidad por efecto del cambio climático y la expansión de la agricultura intensiva con consecuencias, no solo en las regiones del entorno de los cultivos referidos, sino que, éstas indirectamente se trasladan hacia las regiones de montaña mediando consumo de soya en animales y derivados en humanos. Se concluye que la biodiversidad como proveedora de alimentos y de prevenir enfermedades para la humanidad contribuye a la sustentabilidad y, por tanto, su preservación requiere de adopción de políticas públicas agresivas dentro del marco del Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Biodiversity is being affected by the overexploitation of natural resources, the increase of invasive species, climate change, intensive agriculture, and livestock farming. Among these, intensive soybean cultivation has displaced other products such as rice and wheat; intensive cultivation leads to increased use of agrochemicals, which generates severe socio-environmental effects, particularly on biodiversity. The objective of the study was to compile scientific literature produced on the loss of biodiversity caused by intensive agriculture and climate change, and within them the possible effects on the interrelationship between human beings and the environment. The methodological procedure was the systematic review developed in March 2021, using Boolean operators AND, OR, NOT with terms “biodiversity”, “climate change” and “agriculture” in the Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo databases. The results identified that there were at least 99 topics in Web of Science (99 topics), Scopus (155 topics) and Scielo (36 topics) that show the loss of biodiversity due to climate change and the expansion of intensive agriculture with consequences, not only in the regions surrounding the crops in question, but also indirectly in the mountain regions through the consumption of soybean in animals and derivatives in humans. It is concluded that biodiversity as a provider of food and disease prevention for humanity contributes to sustainability and, therefore, its preservation requires the adoption of aggressive public policies within the framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

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          Most cited references74

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          A significant upward shift in plant species optimum elevation during the 20th century.

          Spatial fingerprints of climate change on biotic communities are usually associated with changes in the distribution of species at their latitudinal or altitudinal extremes. By comparing the altitudinal distribution of 171 forest plant species between 1905 and 1985 and 1986 and 2005 along the entire elevation range (0 to 2600 meters above sea level) in west Europe, we show that climate warming has resulted in a significant upward shift in species optimum elevation averaging 29 meters per decade. The shift is larger for species restricted to mountain habitats and for grassy species, which are characterized by faster population turnover. Our study shows that climate change affects the spatial core of the distributional range of plant species, in addition to their distributional margins, as previously reported.
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            Agri-food 4.0: A survey of the Supply Chains and Technologies for the Future Agriculture

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              Climate change effects on biodiversity, ecosystems, ecosystem services, and natural resource management in the United States

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ria
                Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas
                Rev. investig. Altoandin.
                Universidad Nacional del Altiplano (Puno, , Peru )
                2313-2957
                January 2022
                : 24
                : 1
                : 53-64
                Affiliations
                [1] Huancayo orgnameUniversidad Continental orgdiv1Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental Peru
                [2] Juliaca Puno orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Juliaca orgdiv1Gestión Pública y Desarrollo Social Peru
                Article
                S2313-29572022000100053 S2313-2957(22)02400100053
                10.18271/ria.2022.328
                be5f248e-e7c4-4b7c-817f-459ce0357d82

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 July 2021
                : 30 December 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 74, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Peru

                Categories
                Artículo de Revisión

                Biotecnología,intensive farming,technology,mountains,soybeans,meso-institutions,agriculture 4.0,biotechnology,ganadería intensiva,montañas,soya,meso-instituciones,agricultura

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