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      Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene reveals species composition and phylogenetic relationships of Oesophagostomum spp. infecting pigs in northeastern Brazil Translated title: Inferências filogenéticas e caracterização de Oesophagostomum spp. parasitos de suínos no estado do Piauí, Brasil, por sequenciamento parcial de DNA mitocondrial

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          Abstract

          Helminths of the genus Oesophagostomum cause enteric diseases and affect domestic animals such as pigs. The aim of this study was to explore the species composition and genetic diversity of Oesophagostomum spp. infecting pigs in close contact with humans in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Eighty-seven fecal samples were collected for parasitological tests and molecular analysis. Through microscopy, the overall positivity rate for strongyliform eggs was 81.6% among the pigs studied. Forty-two strongyliform egg samples were subjected to PCR and six cox1 sequences (637 bp) were identified for the genus Oesophagostomum. The sequences were identified as Oesophagostomum dentatum, O. quadrispinulatum and O. columbianum. In the phylogenetic tree and haplotype network, 89 sequences were separated into seven clusters, which also included reference sequences from GenBank. Oesophagostomum dentatum and O. quadrispinulatum were seen to be closely related species and formed a monophyletic group related to O. aculeatum. Oesophagostomum columbianum showed similarity with sequences from parasites infecting small ruminants and the clade was positioned closer to O. bifurcum. High interspecific diversity was found and intraspecific diversity varied according to the species. This was the first study to characterize Oesophagostomum DNA sequences obtained from pigs in Brazil.

          Resumo

          Parasitos do gênero Oesophagostomum causam doenças entéricas e podem afetar a criação de animais, como os suínos. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as espécies e explorar a diversidade genética de Oesophagostomum spp. infectando suínos em contato próximo com humanos, no estado do Piauí, Brasil. Oitenta e sete amostras fecais foram coletadas para testes parasitológicos, análise morfométrica dos ovos e análises moleculares. A taxa geral de positividade para ovos estrongiliformes foi de 81,6%. Quarenta e duas amostras de ovos estrongiliformes foram submetidas à PCR e seis sequências cox1 (637 bp) foram identificadas para o gênero Oesophagostomum. As sequências foram identificadas como Oesophagostomum dentatum, O. quadrispinulatum e O. columbianum. Na árvore filogenética e na rede haplotípica, 89 sequências foram separadas em sete clusters, incluindo sequências de referência do GenBank. Oesophagostomum dentatum e O. quadrispinulatum são espécies estreitamente relacionadas e formaram um grupo monofilético com O. aculeatum. Oesophagostomum columbianum apresentou semelhança com sequências de parasitas obtidos de pequenos ruminantes e o clado foi posicionado mais próximo de O. bifurcum. Alta diversidade interespecífica foi encontrada e a diversidade intraespecífica variou de acordo com as espécies. Esse foi o primeiro estudo a caracterizar sequências de DNA de Oesophagostomum isoladas de suínos no Brasil.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Bras Parasitol Vet
                Rev Bras Parasitol Vet
                rbpv
                Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinaária / Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology
                Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária
                0103-846X
                1984-2961
                01 April 2022
                2022
                : 31
                : 1
                : e018421
                Affiliations
                [1 ] originalLaboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
                [2 ] originalEscritório Técnico Regional, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Teresina, PI, Brasil
                [3 ] originalFaculdade de Medicina de Petrópolis – FMP, Centro Universitário Arthur Sá Earp Neto – UNIFASE, Petrópolis, RJ, Brasil
                [4 ] originalSecretaria Municipal de Saúde de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré, Nossa Senhora de Nazaré, PI, Brasil
                [5 ] originalLaboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
                [6 ] originalDepartamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora – UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author: Kerla Joeline Lima Monteiro. E-mail: kerla.monteiro@ 123456gmail.com
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-2628
                Article
                rbpvAO18421 00312
                10.1590/S1984-29612022016
                9901867
                35384991
                bfcb9ec9-71d5-4373-a838-03fa219008eb

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 18 October 2021
                : 17 February 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 33
                Categories
                Original Article

                dna barcode,oesophagostomum,molecular taxonomy,pigs,código de barras de dna,taxonomia molecular,suíno

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