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      Crescimento e composição mineral da menta em resposta à inoculação com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares e adubação fosfatada Translated title: Growth and mineral composition of mint in response to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation and phosphorus fertilization

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          Abstract

          Foram avaliados os efeitos de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) no crescimento e composição mineral de Mentha arvensis L., cultivada com diferentes doses de fósforo. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação e o delineamento estatístico utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, num fatorial 5x4, sendo cinco tratamentos microbiológicos (controle, Glomus clarum, Glomus etunicatum, Gigaspora margarita e Acaulospora scrobiculata) e quatro doses de P (0; 50; 100 e 200 mg kg-1), com quatro repetições. As plantas foram colhidas na fase de floração, aos 65 dias após o plantio. Verificou-se que, na ausência de P, os fungos Glomus clarum e Gigaspora margarita apresentaram maiores percentagens de colonização micorrízica nas raízes e proporcionaram aumentos de 330 e 334% na matéria seca foliar, de 143 e 123% no conteúdo de N, de 224 e 124% no conteúdo de P e de 139 e 142% no conteúdo de K, respectivamente. Os FMA não influenciaram os conteúdos de Ca, Mg, S, Fe e Zn na matéria seca foliar. As doses de P entre 122 e 165 mg kg-1 de solo proporcionaram as maiores produções de matéria seca. Nessas doses, o conteúdo de Mn foi menor quando as plantas foram inoculadas com Glomus clarum, Gigaspora margarita e Glomus etunicatum. A dependência micorrízica da menta variou de acordo com a espécie de fungo e a dose de P utilizada, sendo maior com os fungos Glomus clarum e Gigaspora margarita, na ausência de P.

          Translated abstract

          The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were evaluated on the growth and mineral composition of Mentha arvensis L., grown under different phosphorus levels. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a factorial scheme 5x4, with five microbiological treatments (control without AMF, Glomus clarum, Glomus etunicatum, Gigaspora margarita and Acaulospora scrobiculata) and four P levels (0; 50; 100 and 200 mg kg-1). A randomized block design was used, with four replications. The plants were harvested at flowering, 65 days after planting. When no phosphorus was added, Gigaspora margarita and Glomus clarum led to a higher percentage of mycorrhizal colonization in roots and increased 334 and 330% the dry matter production of shoots, 143 and 123% the N content, 224 and 124% the P content, 139 and 142% the K content, respectively. The AMF inoculation did not influence Ca, Mg, S, Fe and Zn contents. Dry matter production was higher under P doses from 122 to 165 mg kg-1 of soil. In such doses, Mn content was lower when the plants were inoculated with Glomus clarum, Gigaspora margarita and Glomus etunicatum. The mycorrhizal dependence of the mint varied with microbiological treatments and P levels, being higher with Glomus clarum and Gigaspora margarita, under no phosphorus addition.

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          Most cited references38

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          Nutrient uptake in mycorrhizal symbiosis

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            Soil Chemical Analysis

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              Carbon uptake and the metabolism and transport of lipids in an arbuscular mycorrhiza

              Both the plant and the fungus benefit nutritionally in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: The host plant enjoys enhanced mineral uptake and the fungus receives fixed carbon. In this exchange the uptake, metabolism, and translocation of carbon by the fungal partner are poorly understood. We therefore analyzed the fate of isotopically labeled substrates in an arbuscular mycorrhiza (in vitro cultures of Ri T-DNA-transformed carrot [Daucus carota] roots colonized by Glomus intraradices) using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Labeling patterns observed in lipids and carbohydrates after substrates were supplied to the mycorrhizal roots or the extraradical mycelium indicated that: (a) 13C-labeled glucose and fructose (but not mannitol or succinate) are effectively taken up by the fungus within the root and are metabolized to yield labeled carbohydrates and lipids; (b) the extraradical mycelium does not use exogenous sugars for catabolism, storage, or transfer to the host; (c) the fungus converts sugars taken up in the root compartment into lipids that are then translocated to the extraradical mycelium (there being little or no lipid synthesis in the external mycelium); and (d) hexose in fungal tissue undergoes substantially higher fluxes through an oxidative pentose phosphate pathway than does hexose in the host plant.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                hb
                Horticultura Brasileira
                Hortic. Bras.
                Associação Brasileira de Horticultura (Vitoria da Conquista, BA, Brazil )
                0102-0536
                1806-9991
                March 2006
                : 24
                : 1
                : 11-16
                Affiliations
                [01] Campos dos Goytacazes RJ orgnameUENF orgdiv1CCTA
                Article
                S0102-05362006000100003
                10.1590/S0102-05362006000100003
                bff6776e-13b7-4e8b-8183-b3aacba7ec56

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 August 2004
                : 01 February 2006
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Pesquisa

                phosphorus,Mentha arvensis,plant nutrition,mycorrhiza,aromatic and medicinal plants,nutrição de plantas,micorriza,fósforo,planta medicinal e aromática

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