Endectocides as a complementary intervention in the malaria control program: a systematic review

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Abstract

Background

Malaria is the most common vector-borne disease transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquitoes. Endectocides and especially ivermectin will be available as a vector control tool soon. The current review could be valuable for trial design and clinical studies to control malaria transmission.

Methods

PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct were searched for original English published papers on (“Malaria chemical control” OR “Malaria elimination” OR “ Anopheles vector control” OR “Malaria zooprophylaxis”) AND (“Systemic insecticides” OR “Endectocides” OR “Ivermectin”). The last search was from 19 June 2019 to 31 December 2019. It was updated on 17 November 2020. Two reviewers (SG and FGK) independently reviewed abstracts and full-text articles. Data were extracted by one person and checked by another. As meta-analyses were not possible, a qualitative summary of results was performed.

Results

Thirty-six published papers have used systemic insecticides/endectocides for mosquito control. Most of the studies (56.75%) were done on Anopheles gambiae complex species on doses from 150 μg/kg to 400 μg/kg in several studies. Target hosts for employing systemic insecticides/drugs were animals (44.2%, including rabbit, cattle, pig, and livestock) and humans (32.35%).

Conclusions

Laboratory and field studies have highlighted the potential of endectocides in malaria control. Ivermectin and other endectocides could soon serve as novel malaria transmission control tools by reducing the longevity of Anopheles mosquitoes that feed on treated hosts, potentially decreasing Plasmodium parasite transmission when used as mass drug administration (MDA).

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13643-021-01578-9.

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Most cited references 17

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The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations.

Brian Hutton, Georgia Salanti, Deborah M Caldwell … (2016)

The PRISMA statement is a reporting guideline designed to improve the completeness of reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Authors have used this guideline worldwide to prepare their reviews for publication. In the past, these reports typically compared 2 treatment alternatives. With the evolution of systematic reviews that compare multiple treatments, some of them only indirectly, authors face novel challenges for conducting and reporting their reviews. This extension of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) statement was developed specifically to improve the reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses. A group of experts participated in a systematic review, Delphi survey, and face-to-face discussion and consensus meeting to establish new checklist items for this extension statement. Current PRISMA items were also clarified. A modified, 32-item PRISMA extension checklist was developed to address what the group considered to be immediately relevant to the reporting of network meta-analyses. This document presents the extension and provides examples of good reporting, as well as elaborations regarding the rationale for new checklist items and the modification of previously existing items from the PRISMA statement. It also highlights educational information related to key considerations in the practice of network meta-analysis. The target audience includes authors and readers of network meta-analyses, as well as journal editors and peer reviewers.

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The global status of insect resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides.

Chris Bass, Ian Denholm, Martin Williamson … (2015)

The first neonicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid, was launched in 1991. Today this class of insecticides comprises at least seven major compounds with a market share of more than 25% of total global insecticide sales. Neonicotinoid insecticides are highly selective agonists of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and provide farmers with invaluable, highly effective tools against some of the world's most destructive crop pests. These include sucking pests such as aphids, whiteflies, and planthoppers, and also some coleopteran, dipteran and lepidopteran species. Although many insect species are still successfully controlled by neonicotinoids, their popularity has imposed a mounting selection pressure for resistance, and in several species resistance has now reached levels that compromise the efficacy of these insecticides. Research to understand the molecular basis of neonicotinoid resistance has revealed both target-site and metabolic mechanisms conferring resistance. For target-site resistance, field-evolved mutations have only been characterized in two aphid species. Metabolic resistance appears much more common, with the enhanced expression of one or more cytochrome P450s frequently reported in resistant strains. Despite the current scale of resistance, neonicotinoids remain a major component of many pest control programmes, and resistance management strategies, based on mode of action rotation, are of crucial importance in preventing resistance becoming more widespread. In this review we summarize the current status of neonicotinoid resistance, the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved, and the implications for resistance management.

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Risks of large-scale use of systemic insecticides to ecosystem functioning and services

Madeleine Chagnon, David Kreutzweiser, Edward Mitchell … (2014)

Large-scale use of the persistent and potent neonicotinoid and fipronil insecticides has raised concerns about risks to ecosystem functions provided by a wide range of species and environments affected by these insecticides. The concept of ecosystem services is widely used in decision making in the context of valuing the service potentials, benefits, and use values that well-functioning ecosystems provide to humans and the biosphere and, as an endpoint (value to be protected), in ecological risk assessment of chemicals. Neonicotinoid insecticides are frequently detected in soil and water and are also found in air, as dust particles during sowing of crops and aerosols during spraying. These environmental media provide essential resources to support biodiversity, but are known to be threatened by long-term or repeated contamination by neonicotinoids and fipronil. We review the state of knowledge regarding the potential impacts of these insecticides on ecosystem functioning and services provided by terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems including soil and freshwater functions, fisheries, biological pest control, and pollination services. Empirical studies examining the specific impacts of neonicotinoids and fipronil to ecosystem services have focused largely on the negative impacts to beneficial insect species (honeybees) and the impact on pollination service of food crops. However, here we document broader evidence of the effects on ecosystem functions regulating soil and water quality, pest control, pollination, ecosystem resilience, and community diversity. In particular, microbes, invertebrates, and fish play critical roles as decomposers, pollinators, consumers, and predators, which collectively maintain healthy communities and ecosystem integrity. Several examples in this review demonstrate evidence of the negative impacts of systemic insecticides on decomposition, nutrient cycling, soil respiration, and invertebrate populations valued by humans. Invertebrates, particularly earthworms that are important for soil processes, wild and domestic insect pollinators which are important for plant and crop production, and several freshwater taxa which are involved in aquatic nutrient cycling, were all found to be highly susceptible to lethal and sublethal effects of neonicotinoids and/or fipronil at environmentally relevant concentrations. By contrast, most microbes and fish do not appear to be as sensitive under normal exposure scenarios, though the effects on fish may be important in certain realms such as combined fish-rice farming systems and through food chain effects. We highlight the economic and cultural concerns around agriculture and aquaculture production and the role these insecticides may have in threatening food security. Overall, we recommend improved sustainable agricultural practices that restrict systemic insecticide use to maintain and support several ecosystem services that humans fundamentally depend on.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Fereshteh Ghahvechi Khaligh: f90.1371@gmail.com

Abbas Jafari: jafari.ab@umsu.ac.ir , abbasj63@gmail.com

Elena Silivanova: 11eas@vniivea.ru , easylva@gmail.com

Mikhail Levchenko: levchenko-m-a@mail.ru

Bahlol Rahimi: bahlol.rahimi@umsu.ac.ir , bahlol.rahimi@gmail.com

Saber Gholizadeh:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3255-8098

saber@umsu.ac.ir , sabergholizadeh@yahoo.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Syst Rev

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Syst Rev

Title: Systematic Reviews

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 2046-4053

Publication date (Electronic): 18 January 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 18 January 2021

Publication date Collection: 2021

Volume: 10

Electronic Location Identifier: 30

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.412763.5, ISNI 0000 0004 0442 8645, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, , Urmia University of Medical Sciences, ; Urmia, Iran

[2 ]GRID grid.412763.5, ISNI 0000 0004 0442 8645, Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, , Urmia University of Medical Sciences, ; Urmia, Iran

[3 ]GRID grid.412763.5, ISNI 0000 0004 0442 8645, Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, , Urmia University of Medical Sciences, ; Urmia, Iran

[4 ]GRID grid.412763.5, ISNI 0000 0004 0442 8645, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, , Urmia University of Medical Sciences, ; Urmia, Iran

[5 ]All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Veterinary Entomology and Arachnology, Branch of Federal State Institution Federal Research Centre Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ASRIVEA – Branch of Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS), Institutskaya st. 2, Tyumen, Russian Federation 625041

[6 ]GRID grid.412763.5, ISNI 0000 0004 0442 8645, Department of Health Information Technology, School of Applied Medical Sciences, , Urmia University of Medical Sciences, ; Urmia, Iran

Author information

Saber Gholizadeh http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3255-8098

Article

Publisher ID: 1578

DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01578-9

PMC ID: 7812718

PubMed ID: 33455581

SO-VID: c2c5b077-79ff-4ac4-8185-6a356204f2b4

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 7 September 2020

Date accepted : 2 January 2021

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health

Keywords: ivermectin,endectocides,systemic insecticides,malaria elimination

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health

Keywords: ivermectin, endectocides, systemic insecticides, malaria elimination

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Endectocides as a complementary intervention in the malaria control program: a systematic review

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Supplementary Information

Related collections

Malaria vaccine development

Most cited references 17

The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations.

The global status of insect resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides.

Risks of large-scale use of systemic insecticides to ecosystem functioning and services

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Cited by 9

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