New synthetic strategies to prepare metal–organic frameworks

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Abstract

This critical review summarizes the recent developments in the application of new synthetic strategies for preparing MOFs, including the ionothermal method, deep eutectic solvent usage, surfactant-thermal process, and mechanochemistry.

Abstract

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted extensive research interest due to their rich structure chemistry and many potential industrial applications in the areas of gas separation and storage, catalysis, drug delivery, chemical sensors, magnetism, and others. The synthesis of MOF materials by convenient and environmentally friendly methods is highly desirable for the advancement of MOF chemistry. This critical review summarizes the recent developments in the application of new synthetic strategies for preparing MOFs, including the ionothermal method, deep eutectic solvent usage, surfactant-thermal process, and mechanochemistry. The roles of different solvents in the reaction systems are discussed.

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The chemistry and applications of metal-organic frameworks.

Hiroyasu Furukawa, Kyle E. Cordova, Michael O'Keeffe … (2013)

Crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are formed by reticular synthesis, which creates strong bonds between inorganic and organic units. Careful selection of MOF constituents can yield crystals of ultrahigh porosity and high thermal and chemical stability. These characteristics allow the interior of MOFs to be chemically altered for use in gas separation, gas storage, and catalysis, among other applications. The precision commonly exercised in their chemical modification and the ability to expand their metrics without changing the underlying topology have not been achieved with other solids. MOFs whose chemical composition and shape of building units can be multiply varied within a particular structure already exist and may lead to materials that offer a synergistic combination of properties.

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Functional Porous Coordination Polymers

Susumu Kitagawa, Ryo Kitaura, Shin-ichiro Noro (2004)

The chemistry of the coordination polymers has in recent years advanced extensively, affording various architectures, which are constructed from a variety of molecular building blocks with different interactions between them. The next challenge is the chemical and physical functionalization of these architectures, through the porous properties of the frameworks. This review concentrates on three aspects of coordination polymers: 1). the use of crystal engineering to construct porous frameworks from connectors and linkers ("nanospace engineering"), 2). characterizing and cataloging the porous properties by functions for storage, exchange, separation, etc., and 3). the next generation of porous functions based on dynamic crystal transformations caused by guest molecules or physical stimuli. Our aim is to present the state of the art chemistry and physics of and in the micropores of porous coordination polymers.