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      Impacto das condições bucais na qualidade de vida entre acadêmicos de odontologia Translated title: Impact of oral conditions on quality of life among dental students

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          Abstract

          Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os fatores associados ao impacto das condições bucais na qualidade de vida (ICBQV) entre acadêmicos de Odontologia. O estudo transversal e analítico foi realizado com a totalidade de acadêmicos matriculados no curso de Odontologia na Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), no ano de 2019. Utilizou-se na coleta de dados por um instrumento com questões sobre características sociodemográficas, uso de serviço odontológico e o Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A variável dependente foi a prevalência do impacto das condições bucais na qualidade de vida, dicotomizada em "sem impacto" (Escore = 0 em todas as 14 questões) e "com impacto" (Escore ≥ 1 em pelo menos uma das 14 questões) associada as variáveis independentes (sociodemográficas e uso de serviço odontológico) com análise bruta e ajustada de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta (p<0,05). Participaram do estudo 194 (66,2%) acadêmicos, sendo a maioria mulheres (79,2%), ≤ 20 anos (51,0%), renda familiar acima de R\(3.000,00 (82,5%), cursando acima do 3º ano da faculdade (51,0%) e que visitaram um dentista nos últimos 6 meses (66,0%). Um total de 168 (86,6%) relataram impacto, a dimensão de desconforto psicológico (73,2%) e dor física (72,2%). No modelo final, acadêmicos que cursavam o 1º e 2º anos apresentaram 18% maior chance de apresentar impacto das condições bucais na qualidade de vida (RP=1,18; IC95%:1,06-1,31, p=0,003). Conclui-se que o impacto das condições bucais na qualidade de vida teve prevalência alta e foi associado aos anos iniciais entre os acadêmicos de Odontologia.

          Translated abstract

          The aim of the study was to analyze the factors associated with the impact of conditions on quality of life (ICBQV) among dental students. The cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out with the total of students enrolled in the Dentistry Course at the State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), 2019. Data collection was performed using a comprehensive instrument on sociodemographic and dental characteristics and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The dependent variable was the prevalence of the impact of oral conditions on quality of life, dichotomized as "without impact" (Score = 0 in all 14 questions) and "with impact" (Score ≥ 1 in at least one of 14 questions) associated independent variables (sociodemographic and use of dental services) with crude and adjusted Poisson regression analysis with robust variance (n <0.05). 194 (66.2%) students participated in the study, the majority of whom were women (79.2%), ≤ 20 years old (51.0%), family income above R \) 3,000.00 (82.5%), attending above the 3rd year of college (51.0%) and who visited a dentist in the last 6 months (66.0%). A total of 168 (86.6%) reported an impact, in the dimension of psychological discomfort (73.2%) and physical pain (72.2%). In the final model, academics in the 1st and 2nd years were 18% more likely to have an impact of oral conditions on quality of life (PR = 1.18; 95%CI: 1.06-1.31, p = 0.003). Concluded that the impact of oral conditions on quality of life had a high prevalence and was associated with the initial years among dentistry students.

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          Derivation and validation of a short-form oral health impact profile.

          Growing recognition that quality of life is an important outcome of dental care has created a need for a range of instruments to measure oral health-related quality of life. This study aimed to derive a subset of items from the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49)-a 49-item questionnaire that measures people's perceptions of the impact of oral conditions on their well-being. Secondary analysis was conducted using data from an epidemiologic study of 1217 people aged 60+ years in South Australia. Internal reliability analysis, factor analysis and regression analysis were undertaken to derive a subset (OHIP-14) questionnaire and its validity was evaluated by assessing associations with sociodemographic and clinical oral status variables. Internal reliability of the OHIP-14 was evaluated using Cronbach's coefficient alpha. Regression analysis yielded an optimal set of 14 questions. The OHIP-14 accounted for 94% of variance in the OHIP-49; had high reliability (alpha = 0.88); contained questions from each of the seven conceptual dimensions of the OHIP-49; and had a good distribution of prevalence for individual questions. OHIP-14 scores and OHIP-49 scores displayed the same pattern of variation among sociodemographic groups of older adults. In a multivariate analysis of dentate people, eight oral status and sociodemographic variables were associated (P < 0.05) with both the OHIP-49 and the OHIP-14. While it will be important to replicate these findings in other populations, the findings suggest that the OHIP-14 has good reliability, validity and precision.
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            Development and evaluation of the Oral Health Impact Profile.

            The capacity of dental clinicians and researchers to assess oral health and to advocate for dental care has been hampered by limitations in measurements of the levels of dysfunction, discomfort and disability associated with oral disorders. The purpose of this research was to develop and test the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), a scaled index of the social impact of oral disorders which draws on a theoretical hierarchy of oral health outcomes. Forty nine unique statements describing the consequences of oral disorders were initially derived from 535 statements obtained in interviews with 64 dental patients. The relative importance of statements within each of seven conceptual subscales was assessed by 328 persons using Thurstone's method of paired comparisons. The consistency of their judgements was confirmed (Kendall's mu, P < 0.05). The reliability of the instrument was evaluated in a cohort of 122 persons aged 60 years and over. Internal reliability of six subscales was high (Cronbach's alpha, 0.70-0.83) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.42-0.77) demonstrated stability. Validity was examined using longitudinal data from the 60 years and over cohort where the OHIP's capacity to detect previously observed associations with perceived need for a dental visit (ANOVA, p < 0.05 in five subscales) provided evidence of its construct validity. The Oral Health Impact Profile offers a reliable and valid instrument for detailed measurement of the social impact of oral disorders and has potential benefits for clinical decision-making and research.
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              Global, Regional, and National Levels and Trends in Burden of Oral Conditions from 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

              Government and nongovernmental organizations need national and global estimates on the descriptive epidemiology of common oral conditions for policy planning and evaluation. The aim of this component of the Global Burden of Disease study was to produce estimates on prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability for oral conditions from 1990 to 2017 by sex, age, and countries. In addition, this study reports the global socioeconomic pattern in burden of oral conditions by the standard World Bank classification of economies as well as the Global Burden of Disease Socio-demographic Index. The findings show that oral conditions remain a substantial population health challenge. Globally, there were 3.5 billion cases (95% uncertainty interval [95% UI], 3.2 to 3.7 billion) of oral conditions, of which 2.3 billion (95% UI, 2.1 to 2.5 billion) had untreated caries in permanent teeth, 796 million (95% UI, 671 to 930 million) had severe periodontitis, 532 million (95% UI, 443 to 622 million) had untreated caries in deciduous teeth, 267 million (95% UI, 235 to 300 million) had total tooth loss, and 139 million (95% UI, 133 to 146 million) had other oral conditions in 2017. Several patterns emerged when the World Bank’s classification of economies and the Socio-demographic Index were used as indicators of economic development. In general, more economically developed countries have the lowest burden of untreated dental caries and severe periodontitis and the highest burden of total tooth loss. The findings offer an opportunity for policy makers to identify successful oral health strategies and strengthen them; introduce and monitor different approaches where oral diseases are increasing; plan integration of oral health in the agenda for prevention of noncommunicable diseases; and estimate the cost of providing universal coverage for dental care.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                psd
                Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças
                Psic., Saúde & Doenças
                Sociedade Portuguesa de Psicologia da Saúde (Lisboa, , Portugal )
                1645-0086
                April 2023
                : 24
                : 1
                : 137-147
                Affiliations
                [2] Jequié orgnameUniversidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia orgdiv1Departamento de Saúde I Brazil
                [1] Ponta Grossa Paraná orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa orgdiv1Departamento de Odontologia Brazil
                Article
                S1645-00862023000100137 S1645-0086(23)02400100137
                10.15309/23psd240112
                dbc27d5d-5c29-467d-afb1-2c849bbee4cc

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 April 2021
                : 19 June 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Portugal

                Categories
                Artigo

                Dental students,Quality of life,Saúde bucal,Oral health,Qualidade de vida,Estudantes de odontologia

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