An Uncommon Case of Atrial Fibrillation due to a Lung Mass Invasion of the Left Atrial Cavity

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Abstract

Atrial fibrillation remains one of the most common conditions that clinical physicians encounter on a daily basis in the inpatient setting. This arrhythmia brings with it numerous complications if not treated properly and leads to intensive analysis of its primary etiology which is unique to every patient. In this case, we present a previously asymptomatic individual who presented to the hospital with respiratory complaints and was found to have a large lung mass, consistent with neuroendocrine lung cancer with direct compression of the left atrium leading to new-onset atrial fibrillation.

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Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study.

A S Go, E Hylek, K. Phillips … (2001)

Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in elderly persons and a potent risk factor for stroke. However, recent prevalence and projected future numbers of persons with atrial fibrillation are not well described. To estimate prevalence of atrial fibrillation and US national projections of the numbers of persons with atrial fibrillation through the year 2050. Cross-sectional study of adults aged 20 years or older who were enrolled in a large health maintenance organization in California and who had atrial fibrillation diagnosed between July 1, 1996, and December 31, 1997. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in the study population of 1.89 million; projected number of persons in the United States with atrial fibrillation between 1995-2050. A total of 17 974 adults with diagnosed atrial fibrillation were identified during the study period; 45% were aged 75 years or older. The prevalence of atrial fibrillation was 0.95% (95% confidence interval, 0.94%-0.96%). Atrial fibrillation was more common in men than in women (1.1% vs 0.8%; P<.001). Prevalence increased from 0.1% among adults younger than 55 years to 9.0% in persons aged 80 years or older. Among persons aged 50 years or older, prevalence of atrial fibrillation was higher in whites than in blacks (2.2% vs 1.5%; P<.001). We estimate approximately 2.3 million US adults currently have atrial fibrillation. We project that this will increase to more than 5.6 million (lower bound, 5.0; upper bound, 6.3) by the year 2050, with more than 50% of affected individuals aged 80 years or older. Our study confirms that atrial fibrillation is common among older adults and provides a contemporary basis for estimates of prevalence in the United States. The number of patients with atrial fibrillation is likely to increase 2.5-fold during the next 50 years, reflecting the growing proportion of elderly individuals. Coordinated efforts are needed to face the increasing challenge of optimal stroke prevention and rhythm management in patients with atrial fibrillation.

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Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study.

E Benjamin, D. Levy, S Vaziri … (1994)

To determine the independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation. Cohort study. The Framingham Heart Study. A total of 2090 men and 2641 women members of the original cohort, free of a history of atrial fibrillation, between the ages of 55 and 94 years. Sex-specific multiple logistic regression models to identify independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation, including age, smoking, diabetes, electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and valve disease. During up to 38 years of follow-up, 264 men and 298 women developed atrial fibrillation. After adjusting for age and other risk factors for atrial fibrillation, men had a 1.5 times greater risk of developing atrial fibrillation than women. In the full multivariable model, the odds ratio (OR) of atrial fibrillation for each decade of advancing age was 2.1 for men and 2.2 for women (P < .0001). In addition, after multivariable adjustment, diabetes (OR, 1.4 for men and 1.6 for women), hypertension (OR, 1.5 for men and 1.4 for women), congestive heart failure (OR, 4.5 for men and 5.9 for women), and valve disease (OR, 1.8 for men and 3.4 for women) were significantly associated with risk for atrial fibrillation in both sexes. Myocardial infarction (OR, 1.4) was significantly associated with the development of atrial fibrillation in men. Women were significantly more likely than men to have valvular heart disease as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation. The multivariable models were largely unchanged after eliminating subjects with valvular heart disease. In addition to intrinsic cardiac causes such as valve disease and congestive heart failure, risk factors for cardiovascular disease also predispose to atrial fibrillation. Modification of risk factors for cardiovascular disease may have the added benefit of diminishing the incidence of atrial fibrillation.

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Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on the Risk of Death: The Framingham Heart Study

Emelia Benjamin, Philip Wolf, Ralph B. D’Agostino … (1998)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) causes substantial morbidity. It is uncertain whether AF is associated with excess mortality independent of associated cardiac conditions and risk factors. We examined the mortality of subjects 55 to 94 years of age who developed AF during 40 years of follow-up of the original Framingham Heart Study cohort. Of the original 5209 subjects, 296 men and 325 women (mean ages, 74 and 76 years, respectively) developed AF and met eligibility criteria. By pooled logistic regression, after adjustment for age, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease, and stroke or transient ischemic attack, AF was associated with an OR for death of 1.5 (95% CI, 1.2 to 1.8) in men and 1.9 (95% CI, 1.5 to 2.2) in women. The risk of mortality conferred by AF did not significantly vary by age. However, there was a significant AF-sex interaction: AF diminished the female advantage in survival. In secondary multivariate analyses, in subjects free of valvular heart disease and preexisting cardiovascular disease, AF remained significantly associated with excess mortality, with about a doubling of mortality in both sexes. In subjects from the original cohort of the Framingham Heart Study, AF was associated with a 1.5- to 1.9-fold mortality risk after adjustment for the preexisting cardiovascular conditions with which AF was related. The decreased survival seen with AF was present in men and women and across a wide range of ages.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cardiol Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cardiol Res

Journal ID (publisher-id): Elmer Press

Title: Cardiology Research

Publisher: Elmer Press

ISSN (Print): 1923-2829

ISSN (Electronic): 1923-2837

Publication date (Print): February 2023

Publication date (Electronic): 25 February 2023

Volume: 14

Issue: 1

Pages: 79-85

Affiliations

[a ]Internal Medicine, Memorial Hospital West, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA

[b ]FAU Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, USA

[c ]Memorial Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Hollywood, FL, USA

Author notes

[d ]Corresponding Author: Ali Rahman, Internal Medicine, Memorial Hospital West, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA. Email: Dr.ali_ayad@ 123456yahoo.com

Article

DOI: 10.14740/cr1473

PMC ID: 9990543

PubMed ID: 36896222

SO-VID: dce55e64-7734-45df-bec8-40fe69737220

License:

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 31 January 2023

Date accepted : 11 February 2023

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An Uncommon Case of Atrial Fibrillation due to a Lung Mass Invasion of the Left Atrial Cavity

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Most cited references 13

Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study.

Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study.

Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on the Risk of Death: The Framingham Heart Study

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