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      Recent advances in persistent luminescence based on molecular hybrid materials

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          Abstract

          In this review, we summarize recent advances in establishing persistently luminescent materials from the view of examining experimental and theoretical approaches to room-temperature phosphorescence and thermally-activated delayed fluorescence.

          Abstract

          Molecular persistently luminescent materials have received recent attention due to their promising applications in optical displays, biological imaging, chemical sensing, and security systems. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances in establishing persistently luminescent materials—specifically focusing on materials composed of molecular hybrids for the first time. We describe the main strategies for synthesizing these hybrid materials, namely: (i) inorganics/organics, (ii) organics/organics, and (iii) organics/polymer systems and demonstrate how molecular hybrids provide synergistic effects, while improving luminescence lifetimes and efficiencies. These hybrid materials promote new methods for tuning key physical properties such as singlet–triplet excited state energies by controlling the chemical interactions and molecular orientations in the solid state. We review new advances in these materials from the perspective of examining experimental and theoretical approaches to room-temperature phosphorescence and thermally-activated delayed fluorescence. Finally, this review concludes by summarizing the current challenges and future opportunities for these hybrid materials.

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          Most cited references243

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          The chemistry and applications of metal-organic frameworks.

          Crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are formed by reticular synthesis, which creates strong bonds between inorganic and organic units. Careful selection of MOF constituents can yield crystals of ultrahigh porosity and high thermal and chemical stability. These characteristics allow the interior of MOFs to be chemically altered for use in gas separation, gas storage, and catalysis, among other applications. The precision commonly exercised in their chemical modification and the ability to expand their metrics without changing the underlying topology have not been achieved with other solids. MOFs whose chemical composition and shape of building units can be multiply varied within a particular structure already exist and may lead to materials that offer a synergistic combination of properties.
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            Efficient hybrid solar cells based on meso-superstructured organometal halide perovskites.

            The energy costs associated with separating tightly bound excitons (photoinduced electron-hole pairs) and extracting free charges from highly disordered low-mobility networks represent fundamental losses for many low-cost photovoltaic technologies. We report a low-cost, solution-processable solar cell, based on a highly crystalline perovskite absorber with intense visible to near-infrared absorptivity, that has a power conversion efficiency of 10.9% in a single-junction device under simulated full sunlight. This "meso-superstructured solar cell" exhibits exceptionally few fundamental energy losses; it can generate open-circuit photovoltages of more than 1.1 volts, despite the relatively narrow absorber band gap of 1.55 electron volts. The functionality arises from the use of mesoporous alumina as an inert scaffold that structures the absorber and forces electrons to reside in and be transported through the perovskite.
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              Luminescent metal-organic frameworks for chemical sensing and explosive detection.

              Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a unique class of crystalline solids comprised of metal cations (or metal clusters) and organic ligands that have shown promise for a wide variety of applications. Over the past 15 years, research and development of these materials have become one of the most intensely and extensively pursued areas. A very interesting and well-investigated topic is their optical emission properties and related applications. Several reviews have provided a comprehensive overview covering many aspects of the subject up to 2011. This review intends to provide an update of work published since then and focuses on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of MOFs and their possible utility in chemical and biological sensing and detection. The spectrum of this review includes the origin of luminescence in MOFs, the advantages of luminescent MOF (LMOF) based sensors, general strategies in designing sensory materials, and examples of various applications in sensing and detection.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                CSRVBR
                Chemical Society Reviews
                Chem. Soc. Rev.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                0306-0012
                1460-4744
                May 11 2021
                2021
                : 50
                : 9
                : 5564-5589
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
                [2 ]College of Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals
                [3 ]Ministry of Education
                [4 ]Beijing Normal University
                [5 ]Beijing 100875
                [6 ]Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
                [7 ]Harvard University
                [8 ]Cambridge
                [9 ]USA
                Article
                10.1039/D0CS01463J
                33690765
                de247dd9-79f0-4bff-9f2e-2e931061ffad
                © 2021

                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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