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      Validation of the Slovenian Version of Motor Imagery Questionnaire 3 (MIQ-3): Promising Tool in Modern Comprehensive Rehabilitation Practice Translated title: Validacija Slovenske verzije vprašalnika o gibalni predstavi – 3 (MIQ-3): Obetavno sredstvo v sodobni rehabilitacijski praksi

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          Abstract

          Purpose

          The high rate of injury incidence and its severity is estimated to cause approximately 9% of global mortality, while a large proportion of people surviving their injuries experience temporary or permanent disabilities. To reduce the occurrence of disability and improve general health of survivors, a more comprehensive rehabilitation approach is needed. Motor imagery is recognized as the promising cognitive strategy to counteract impaired functional capacity of the neuromuscular system. Thus, we aimed to provide to the Slovenian-speaking community a valid and reliable version of Motor Imagery Questionnaire – 3 [MIQ-3], that consists of kinaesthetic imagery [KI] and visual [i.e., Internal Imagery [IMI] and external imagery [EVI]] items.

          Methods

          We investigated both absolute and relative test-retest repeatability; construct validity and internal consistency of the KI, IMI and EMI items of the Slovenian version of MIQ-3 in 86 healthy adult subjects.

          Results

          Results showed high to very high average intra-class correlation coefficient [ICC] for the visual items [ICC=0.89] and KI items [ICC=0.92], whilst the measure of absolute variability presented as coefficient of variation [CV%] ranged from 4.9% [EVI] to 6.7% [KI]. The internal consistency was satisfactory [Cronbach α=0.91 [KI] and 0.89]) for both visual items. Confirmatory analysis confirmed a two-factorial structure of MIQ-3.

          Conclusion

          Understanding the content of the questionnaire is of utmost importance to ensure its effectiveness in rehabilitation practice. The Slovenian translation of the MIQ-3 is culturally and linguistically equivalent to the original English version.

          Izvleček

          Namen

          Raziskave ocenjujejo, da visoka stopnja pojavnosti poškodb in njihova raven povzročata tudi do 9 % vzrokov za umrljivost, medtem ko se velik delež ljudi, ki preživijo poškodbe, sooča z začasno ali trajno invalidnostjo. Za zmanjšanje možnosti nastanka invalidnosti in izboljšanje splošnega zdravja poškodovancev je potreben bolj celovit pristop k procesu rehabilitacije. Gibalna predstava je prepoznana kot obetavna kognitivna strategija za preprečevanje poškodovanih oz. okrnjenih funkcionalnih zmogljivosti nevromuskularnega sistema. S tem namenom smo želeli zagotoviti veljavno in zanesljivo različico vprašalnika za merjenje gibalne predstave (angl. Motor Imagery Questionnaire – 3) v slovenskem jeziku, ki zajema kinestetično (KI) in vizualno predstavo (npr. notranje [IMI] in zunanje perspektive [EVI]).

          Metode

          Uporabili smo tako absolutni kot relativni test – retest ponovljivosti, opredelili veljavnost in notranjo konsistentnost postavk KI, IMI in EMI slovenske različice MIQ-3 pri 86 odraslih zdravih osebah.

          Rezultati

          Rezultati so pokazali visok do zelo visok povprečni korelacijski koeficient znotraj razreda (ICC) za spremenljivke vizualne predstave (ICC = 0,89) in kinestetične predstave (KI) (ICC = 0,92), medtem ko je absolutna variabilnost, predstavljena kot koeficient variacije (CV %), variirala od 4,9 % (EVI) do 6,7 % (KI). Notranja konsistentnost je bila zadovoljiva (Cronbach α = 0,91 [KI] in 0,89 za obe vizualni spremenljivki [IMI] in [EVI]). Analiza je potrdila dvofaktorsko strukturo MIQ-3.

          Zaključek

          Razumevanje vsebine vprašalnika je izredno pomembno za njegovo uporabo in učinkovitost v rehabilitacijski praksi. Slovenski prevod MIQ-3 je kulturno in jezikovno enakovreden izvirni angleški različici. Rezultati te študije podpirajo uporabo MIQ-3 kot zanesljivega in veljavnega instrumenta za oceno gibalne predstave tudi slovensko govoreče populacije.

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          Most cited references27

          • Record: found
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          • Article: not found

          Functional anatomy of execution, mental simulation, observation, and verb generation of actions: a meta-analysis.

          There is a large body of psychological and neuroimaging experiments that have interpreted their findings in favor of a functional equivalence between action generation, action simulation, action verbalization, and perception of action. On the basis of these data, the concept of shared motor representations has been proposed. Indeed several authors have argued that our capacity to understand other people's behavior and to attribute intention or beliefs to others is rooted in a neural, most likely distributed, execution/observation mechanism. Recent neuroimaging studies have explored the neural network engaged during motor execution, simulation, verbalization, and observation. The focus of this metaanalysis is to evaluate in specific detail to what extent the activated foci elicited by these studies overlap.
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            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Brain activity during visual versus kinesthetic imagery: an fMRI study.

            Although there is ample evidence that motor imagery activates similar cerebral regions to those solicited during actual movements, it is still unknown whether visual (VI) and kinesthetic imagery (KI) recruit comparable or distinct neural networks. The present study was thus designed to identify, through functional magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 Tesla in 13 skilled imagers, the cerebral structures implicated in VI and KI. Participants were scanned in a perceptual control condition and while physically executing or focusing during motor imagery on either the visual or kinesthetic components of an explicitly known sequence of finger movements. Subjects' imagery abilities were assessed using well-established psychological, chronometric, and new physiological measures from the autonomic nervous system. Compared with the perceptual condition, physical executing, VI, and KI resulted in overlapping (albeit non-identical) brain activations, including motor-related regions and the inferior and superior parietal lobules. By contrast, a divergent pattern of increased activity was observed when VI and KI were compared directly: VI activated predominantly the occipital regions and the superior parietal lobules, whereas KI yielded more activity in motor-associated structures and the inferior parietal lobule. These results suggest that VI and KI are mediated through separate neural systems, which contribute differently during processes of motor learning and neurological rehabilitation. Copyright 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc
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              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Action observation and motor imagery for rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and an integrative hypothesis.

              This article discusses recent evidence supporting the use of action observation therapy and motor imagery practice for rehabilitation of Parkinson's disease. A main question that emerges from the review regards the different effectiveness of these approaches and the possibility of integrating them into a single method to enhance motor behaviour in subjects with Parkinson's disease. In particular, the reviewed studies suggest that action observation therapy can have a positive effect on motor facilitation of patients and that a long-term rehabilitation program based on action observation therapy or motor imagery practice can bring some benefit on their motor recovery. Moreover, the paper discusses how the research on the combined use of action observation and motor imagery for motor improvements in healthy subjects may encourage the combined use of action observation therapy and motor imagery practice for therapeutic aims in Parkinson's disease. To date, this hypothesis has never been experimented.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Zdr Varst
                Zdr Varst
                sjph
                sjph
                Slovenian Journal of Public Health
                Sciendo
                0351-0026
                1854-2476
                December 2018
                01 October 2018
                : 57
                : 4
                : 201-210
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Science and Research Centre Koper , universityInstitute of Kinesiology Research , Garibaldijeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
                [2 ]universityUniversity of Niš , Faculty of Sport and Physical Education , Univerzitetski trg 2, 18106 Niš, Serbia
                Author notes
                [* ] Tel. + 386 68 612 638; armin.paravlic@ 123456zrs-kp.si
                Article
                sjph-2018-0025
                10.2478/sjph-2018-0025
                6172525
                30294361
                e64289d5-d038-448f-a708-eac527d2a7da
                © 2018 National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia, published by Sciendo

                This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

                History
                : 06 January 2018
                : 27 August 2018
                Page count
                Pages: 10
                Categories
                Original Scientific Article

                mental simulation,movement,reliability,validity,rehabilitation,mentalna simulacija,gibanje,zanesljivost,veljavnost

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