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      Antibacterial and mechanical properties of propolis added to glass ionomer cement

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          Abstract

          To investigate whether adding ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) might influence the antibacterial and mechanical (shear-peel band strength [SPBS]) properties of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) used in orthodontic band cementation.

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          Most cited references26

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          Antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity of propolis of different geographic origin.

          Propolis samples from different geographic origins were investigated for their antibacterial (against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli), antifungal (against Candida albicans) and antiviral (against Avian influenza virus) activities. All samples were active against the fungal and Gram-positive bacterial test strains, and most showed antiviral activity. The activities of all samples were similar in spite of the differences in their chemical composition. In samples from the temperate zone, flavonoids and esters of phenolic acids are known to be responsible for the above mentioned activities of bee glue; tropical samples did not contain such substances but showed similar activities. Obviously, in different samples, different substance combinations are essential for the biological activity of the bee glue. It seems that propolis has general pharmacological value as a natural mixture and not as a source of new powerful antimicrobial, antifungal and antiviral compounds.
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            Synergistic effect of flavones and flavonols against herpes simplex virus type 1 in cell culture. Comparison with the antiviral activity of propolis.

            The in vitro activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 of the major flavonoids identified in propolis was investigated. Flavonols were found to be more active than flavones, the order of importance being galangin, kaempferol, and quercetin. The efficacy against HSV-1 of binary flavone-flavonol combinations has been also investigated. The synergy demonstrated by all combinations could explain why propolis is more active than its individual compounds.
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              Prevalence of white spot lesions in 19-year-olds: a study on untreated and orthodontically treated persons 5 years after treatment.

              B Øgaard (1989)
              In the present study the prevalence of white spot lesions (initial enamel lesions) on the vestibular surfaces was recorded in 19-year-olds subjected to and not subjected to orthodontic treatment. Fifty-one orthodontic patients and 47 untreated subjects were examined. On the average, 5.7 years had elapsed since orthodontic appliances were removed. The median white spot score was significantly higher in the orthodontic group than in the untreated group. The orthodontically treated subjects also had more teeth with white spot lesions than the untreated subjects. The highest prevalence was noted on the first molars in both groups. In the orthodontic group the mandibular canines and premolars and the maxillary lateral incisors were also affected. The present study showed that white spot lesions after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances may present an esthetic problem, even more than 5 years after treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                The Angle Orthodontist
                The Angle Orthodontist
                The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)
                0003-3219
                1945-7103
                March 2014
                March 2014
                : 84
                : 2
                : 368-373
                Article
                10.2319/020413-101.1
                23944222
                ead7299c-a4e2-402d-addf-f4e2afe64259
                © 2014
                History

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