Proximate composition and characterization of the vitamins and minerals of dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale) from the Middle Doce River region – Minas Gerais, Brazil ^☆

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and the vitamin, carotenoid, and mineral profile in dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale) collected from the Middle Doce River region ( Médio Rio Doce) in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. To accomplish this, the physicochemical parameters, such as titratable acidity, pH, and soluble solids were determined, in addition to the evaluation of the plants’ proximate composition (moisture, ash, proteins, dietary fibers, and lipids). The vitamin E, carotenoids and vitamin C were determined by HPLC and the minerals were analysed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The T. officinale samples presented a low content of macronutrients, a total energy value of 27.88 kcal.100 g ⁻¹ FW, a high fiber content (3.7 g.100 g ⁻¹ FW), low levels of total vitamin E (43.67 μg.100 g ⁻¹ FW), total carotenoids of 11.95 g.100 g ⁻¹ FW, and did not present vitamin C in detectable levels. The mineral analysis revealed a high concentration of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and selenium, and small amounts or traces of aluminium, cadmium, nickel, and chromium. In conclusion, T. officinale was shown to be an important source of nutrients, especially fiber, iron and manganese.

Abstract

Nutritional profile; Unconventional food plant; Proximate analysis; Physical characteristics.