11
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Diagnostic Performance of Parasitological, Immunological, Molecular, and Ultrasonographic Tests in Diagnosing Intestinal Schistosomiasis in Fieldworkers From Endemic Municipalities in the Philippines

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Schistosomiasis remains to ha/ve a significant public health impact in the Philippines. The Kato-Katz (K-K) technique is the reference standard and most used technique for definitive diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis for control programs in endemic regions. However, this has a very low sensitivity when applied in areas of low endemicity and patients with light infection. Hence, this study determined the diagnostic performance of immunological, molecular, parasitological, and ultrasonographic tests in diagnosing intestinal schistosomiasis in endemic municipalities in the Philippines. We performed a community-based cross-sectional study to determine the positivity of schistosomiasis in Leyte, Philippines. The diagnostic performance of five different detection techniques: (1) three stool K-K with duplicate smears; (2) soluble egg antigen IgG ELISA; (3) urine point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) test; (4) detection of Schistosoma japonicum circulating DNA (SjcDNA) in serum and urine samples; (5) focused abdominal ultrasound (US), were also obtained in this study. Multiple stool examinations enhanced the sensitivity of K-K from 26.2% (95% CI [16.4, 38.8]) with single stool to 53.8% (95% CI [41.1, 66.1]) and 69.2% (95% CI [56.4, 80.0]) with two and three stools from consecutive days, respectively. Among the SjcDNA nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)-based detection assays, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) PCR using sera had the highest sensitivity at 92.3% (95% CI [82.2, 97.1]) with LAMP consistently identifying more positive cases in both serum and urine samples. This study showed that single stool K-K, which remains the only diagnostic test available in most endemic areas in the Philippines, had low sensitivity and failed to identify most patients with light infection. SjcDNA detection assay and POC-CCA urine test were more sensitive than stool microscopy in detecting schistosomiasis. On the other hand, US was less sensitive than the widely utilized K-K technique in diagnosing schistosomiasis. This study emphasizes the need to revisit the use of single stool K-K in the surveillance and case detection of schistosomiasis in endemic areas of the Philippines. The availability of advanced and more sensitive diagnostic tests will help better control, prevent, and eliminate schistosomiasis in the country.

          Related collections

          Most cited references49

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            A simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in Schistosomiasis mansoni.

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Advances in the Diagnosis of Human Schistosomiasis.

              Schistosomiasis is a major neglected tropical disease that afflicts more than 240 million people, including many children and young adults, in the tropics and subtropics. The disease is characterized by chronic infections with significant residual morbidity and is of considerable public health importance, with substantial socioeconomic impacts on impoverished communities. Morbidity reduction and eventual elimination through integrated intervention measures are the focuses of current schistosomiasis control programs. Precise diagnosis of schistosome infections, in both mammalian and snail intermediate hosts, will play a pivotal role in achieving these goals. Nevertheless, despite extensive efforts over several decades, the search for sensitive and specific diagnostics for schistosomiasis is ongoing. Here we review the area, paying attention to earlier approaches but emphasizing recent developments in the search for new diagnostics for schistosomiasis with practical applications in the research laboratory, the clinic, and the field. Careful and rigorous validation of these assays and their cost-effectiveness will be needed, however, prior to their adoption in support of policy decisions for national public health programs aimed at the control and elimination of schistosomiasis.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1753852
                URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1775311
                URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1379446
                Journal
                Front Immunol
                Front Immunol
                Front. Immunol.
                Frontiers in Immunology
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-3224
                14 June 2022
                2022
                : 13
                : 899311
                Affiliations
                [1] 1 Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman , Quezon City, Philippines
                [2] 2 College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila , Manila, Philippines
                [3] 3 Laboratory of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Dokkyo Medical University , Tochigi, Japan
                [4] 4 Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University , Niigata City, Japan
                [5] 5 Center for International Cooperation, Dokkyo Medical University , Tochigi, Japan
                [6] 6 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila , Manila, Philippines
                [7] 7 Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University , Nagasaki, Japan
                [8] 8 Office of Research Coordination, University of the East , Manila, Philippines
                [9] 9 College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila , Manila, Philippines
                [10] 10 University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Graduate School , Quezon City, Philippines
                Author notes

                Edited by: Thiago Almeida Pereira, Stanford University, United States

                Reviewed by: Edward Oliveira, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Brazil; Fausto Edmundo Lima Pereira, Vila Velha University, Brazil

                *Correspondence: Marcello Otake Sato, marcello@ 123456dokkyomed.ac.jp ; Ian Kim B. Tabios, ibtabios2@ 123456up.edu.ph

                This article was submitted to Parasite Immunology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology

                Article
                10.3389/fimmu.2022.899311
                9237846
                35774791
                0c25c8c0-e0ac-4780-bfbe-80c57cffb191
                Copyright © 2022 Tabios, Sato, Tantengco, Fornillos, Kirinoki, Sato, Rojo, Fontanilla, Chigusa, Medina, Kikuchi and Leonardo

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 18 March 2022
                : 09 May 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 50, Pages: 11, Words: 5942
                Funding
                Funded by: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science , doi 10.13039/501100001691;
                Award ID: 15K08445
                Funded by: Philippine Council for Health Research and Development , doi 10.13039/501100011096;
                Categories
                Immunology
                Original Research

                Immunology
                schistosoma japonicum,immunodiagnosis,lamp,pcr,ultrasound,positivity
                Immunology
                schistosoma japonicum, immunodiagnosis, lamp, pcr, ultrasound, positivity

                Comments

                Comment on this article