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Keap1 regulates both cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling and degradation of Nrf2 in response to electrophiles.
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Abstract
Transcription factor Nrf2 regulates the expression of a set of detoxifying and anti-oxidant enzyme genes. Several lines of evidence suggest that electrophiles and reactive oxygen species liberate Nrf2 from its cytoplasmic repressor Keap1 and provoke the accumulation of Nrf2 in the nucleus. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms as to how Nrf2 is activated by inducers, we examined the cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling and turnover of Nrf2.