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      Influenza vaccination in the organ transplant recipient: review and summary recommendations.

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          Abstract

          Influenza virus causes a spectrum of illness in transplant recipients with a high rate of lower respiratory disease. Seasonal influenza vaccination is an important public health measure recommended for transplant recipients and their close contacts. Vaccine has been shown to be safe and generally well tolerated in both adult and pediatric transplant recipients. However, responses to vaccine are variable and are dependent on various factors including time from transplantation and specific immunosuppressive medication. Seasonal influenza vaccine has demonstrated safety and no conclusive evidence exists for a link between vaccination and allograft dysfunction. Annually updated trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines have been available and routinely used for several decades, although newer influenza vaccination formulations including high-dose vaccine, adjuvanted vaccine, quadrivalent inactivated vaccine and vaccine by intradermal delivery system are now available or will be available in the near future. Safety and immunogenicity data of these new formulations in transplant recipients requires investigation. In this document, we review the current state of knowledge on influenza vaccines in transplant recipients and make recommendations on the use of vaccine in both adult and pediatric organ transplant recipients.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Am. J. Transplant.
          American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
          1600-6143
          1600-6135
          Oct 2011
          : 11
          : 10
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Transplant Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. deepali.kumar@ualberta.ca
          Article
          10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03753.x
          21957936
          605e103e-f916-40ea-b7d5-13fbadff25a3
          ©Copyright 2011 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons.
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