Effectiveness of a community-based diabetes self-management education (DSME) program in a rural agricultural setting

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Abstract

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in a rural agricultural town.

Methods

In this prospective, education-intervention trial, 85 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus from villages randomly assigned to DSME and 70 from villages assigned to standard care participated. The DSME group underwent a curriculum delivered by peer educators; those in the standard group received usual advice. Outcome measures were anthropometric, biochemical, health behaviors, and medication use data taken at baseline then after three and six months.

Results

DSME group had a lower median A1C after three and six months. After six months, there was a 0.5% median A1C reduction in DSME group and a 0.25% increase in the standard group. There were more participants in DSME group with A1C ⩽7.0% after three and six months. By the third month, there were more participants in DSME group performing foot examination.

Conclusion

DSME in this rural agricultural town improved glycemic control and promoted foot examination.

Related collections

Most cited references 13

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Self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of the effect on glycemic control.

S. Norris, J. Lau, S Smith … (2002)

To evaluate the efficacy of self-management education on GHb in adults with type 2 diabetes. We searched for English language trials in Medline (1980-1999), Cinahl (1982-1999), and the Educational Resources Information Center database (ERIC) (1980-1999), and we manually searched review articles, journals with highest topic relevance, and reference lists of included articles. Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials that were published in the English language, tested the effect of self-management education on adults with type 2 diabetes, and reported extractable data on the effect of treatment on GHb. A total of 31 studies of 463 initially identified articles met selection criteria. We computed net change in GHb, stratified by follow-up interval, tested for trial heterogeneity, and calculated pooled effects sizes using random effects models. We examined the effect of baseline GHb, follow-up interval, and intervention characteristics on GHb. On average, the intervention decreased GHb by 0.76% (95% CI 0.34-1.18) more than the control group at immediate follow-up; by 0.26% (0.21% increase - 0.73% decrease) at 1-3 months of follow-up; and by 0.26% (0.05-0.48) at > or = 4 months of follow-up. GHb decreased more with additional contact time between participant and educator; a decrease of 1% was noted for every additional 23.6 h (13.3-105.4) of contact. Self-management education improves GHb levels at immediate follow-up, and increased contact time increases the effect. The benefit declines 1-3 months after the intervention ceases, however, suggesting that learned behaviors change over time. Further research is needed to develop interventions effective in maintaining long-term glycemic control.

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Enhancing diabetes self-care among rural African Americans with diabetes: results of a two-year culturally tailored intervention.

Ishan C Williams, Sharon W Utz, Ivora Hinton … (2014)

The purpose of this study is to test the feasibility of conducting a community-based randomized controlled trial evaluating a culturally tailored community-based group diabetes self-management education (DSME) program among rural African Americans.