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      Teaching Kitchens in the Learning and Work Environments: The Future Is Now

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          Abstract

          The learning and working environments of today’s hospitals and health systems are designed to predict, diagnose, treat, and manage disease. However, the food environments in these settings are often extraordinarily unappealing, unhealthy, and can adversely impact the well-being of health professionals. What if future health-care sites were designed as showrooms of the most appealing and nutritious foods? What if future cafeterias included ventilated “Teaching Kitchens” as extensions to the everyday “grab and go” check-out lines? What if health-care providers, trainees, staff, and community members had access to foods that were healthy, delicious, affordable, sustainable, and easy to prepare? Most importantly, what if health professionals learned to make these healthy, delicious recipes as part of their required training? “See one, do one, teach one” could become, “See one, taste one, make one, teach one”. Teaching Kitchens could serve as both learning laboratories and clinical research centers, whereby teaching kitchen curricula could be tested, through sponsored research, for their impact on behaviors, clinical outcomes, and costs. What if spaces adjacent to Teaching Kitchens were designated “Mindful Eating Spaces,” where self-selected patrons could enjoy a “Culinary Feast alongside a Technological Fast” in an effort to carve out a brief oasis of mindful, resilience-building reflection during any given day? This article describes the rationale for and necessary components of such a futurist “Teaching Kitchen” within future working and learning environments. Importantly, if and when Teaching Kitchens are built within health-care settings, they may serve as catalysts of personal and societal health enhancement for all.

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          Most cited references18

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          Is cooking at home associated with better diet quality or weight-loss intention?

          To examine national patterns in cooking frequency and diet quality among adults in the USA, overall and by weight-loss intention.
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            Importance of cooking skills for balanced food choices.

            A cooking skill scale was developed to measure cooking skills in a European adult population, and the relationship between cooking skills and the frequency of consumption of various food groups were examined. Moreover, it was determined which sociodemographic and psychological variables predict cooking skills. The data used in the present study are based on the first (2010) and second (2011) surveys of a yearly paper-and-pencil questionnaire (Swiss Food Panel). Data from 4436 participants (47.2% males) with a mean age of 55.5 years (SD=14.6, range 21-99) were available for analysis. The cooking skills scale was validated using a test-retest analysis, confirming that this new scale is a reliable and consistent instrument. Cooking enjoyment was the most important predictor for cooking skills, especially for men. Women had higher cooking skills in all age groups. Cooking skills correlated positively with weekly vegetable consumption, but negatively with weekly convenience food consumption frequency, even while holding the effect of health consciousness related to eating constant. In summary, cooking skills may help people to meet nutrition guidelines in their daily nutrition supply. They allow people to make healthier food choices. It is, therefore, important to teach children and teenagers how to cook and to encourage them to develop their cooking skills. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Health and social determinants and outcomes of home cooking: A systematic review of observational studies.

              Many dietary interventions assume a positive influence of home cooking on diet, health and social outcomes, but evidence remains inconsistent. We aimed to systematically review health and social determinants and outcomes of home cooking. Given the absence of a widely accepted, established definition, we defined home cooking as the actions required for preparing hot or cold foods at home, including combining, mixing and often heating ingredients. Nineteen electronic databases were searched for relevant literature. Peer-reviewed studies in English were included if they focussed mainly on home cooking, and presented post 19(th) century observational or qualitative data on participants from high/very high human development index countries. Interventional study designs, which have previously been reviewed, were excluded. Themes were summarised using narrative synthesis. From 13,341 unique records, 38 studies - primarily cross-sectional in design - met the inclusion criteria. A conceptual model was developed, mapping determinants of home cooking to layers of influence including non-modifiable, individual, community and cultural factors. Key determinants included female gender, greater time availability and employment, close personal relationships, and culture and ethnic background. Putative outcomes were mostly at an individual level and focused on potential dietary benefits. Findings show that determinants of home cooking are more complex than simply possessing cooking skills, and that potential positive associations between cooking, diet and health require further confirmation. Current evidence is limited by reliance on cross-sectional studies and authors' conceptualisation of determinants and outcomes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Glob Adv Health Med
                Glob Adv Health Med
                GAM
                spgam
                Global Advances in Health and Medicine
                SAGE Publications (Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA )
                2164-957X
                2164-9561
                1 November 2020
                2020
                : 9
                : 2164956120962442
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
                [2 ]Culinary Medicine, MedStar Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
                [3 ]Culinary Arts & Design, MedStar Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
                Author notes
                [*]David M. Eisenberg, Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Email: deisenbe@ 123456hsph.harvard.edu
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6822-0857
                Article
                10.1177_2164956120962442
                10.1177/2164956120962442
                7649940
                33224633
                9e276a2a-4800-434e-91de-7943b346ca34
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

                History
                : 4 August 2020
                : 3 September 2020
                : 9 September 2020
                Categories
                Original Article
                Custom metadata
                January-December 2020
                ts2

                teaching kitchens,culinary medicine,learning environment,working environment,wellbeing,food is medicine

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