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      PSR: Unified Framework of Parameter-Learning-Based MR Image Superresolution

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          Abstract

          Magnetic resonance imaging has significant applications for disease diagnosis. Due to the particularity of its imaging mechanism, hardware imaging suffers from resolution and reaches its limit, and higher radiation intensity and longer radiation time will cause damage to the human body. The problem is expected to be solved by a superresolution algorithm, especially the image superresolution based on sparse reconstruction has good performance. Dictionary generation is a key issue that affects the performance of superresolution algorithms, and dictionary performance is affected by dictionary construction parameters: balance parameters, dictionary size, overlapping block size, and a number of training sample blocks. In response to this problem, we propose an optimal dictionary construction parameter search method through the experiment to find the optimal dictionary construction parameters on the MR image and compare them with the dictionary obtained by multiple sets of random dictionary construction parameters. The dictionary we searched for the optimal parameters of the dictionary construction training has more powerful feature expressions, which can improve the superresolution effect of MR images.

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          Most cited references28

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          Photo-Realistic Single Image Super-Resolution Using a Generative Adversarial Network

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            Image super-resolution via sparse representation.

            This paper presents a new approach to single-image super-resolution, based on sparse signal representation. Research on image statistics suggests that image patches can be well-represented as a sparse linear combination of elements from an appropriately chosen over-complete dictionary. Inspired by this observation, we seek a sparse representation for each patch of the low-resolution input, and then use the coefficients of this representation to generate the high-resolution output. Theoretical results from compressed sensing suggest that under mild conditions, the sparse representation can be correctly recovered from the downsampled signals. By jointly training two dictionaries for the low- and high-resolution image patches, we can enforce the similarity of sparse representations between the low resolution and high resolution image patch pair with respect to their own dictionaries. Therefore, the sparse representation of a low resolution image patch can be applied with the high resolution image patch dictionary to generate a high resolution image patch. The learned dictionary pair is a more compact representation of the patch pairs, compared to previous approaches, which simply sample a large amount of image patch pairs, reducing the computational cost substantially. The effectiveness of such a sparsity prior is demonstrated for both general image super-resolution and the special case of face hallucination. In both cases, our algorithm generates high-resolution images that are competitive or even superior in quality to images produced by other similar SR methods. In addition, the local sparse modeling of our approach is naturally robust to noise, and therefore the proposed algorithm can handle super-resolution with noisy inputs in a more unified framework.
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              New edge-directed interpolation.

              This paper proposes an edge-directed interpolation algorithm for natural images. The basic idea is to first estimate local covariance coefficients from a low-resolution image and then use these covariance estimates to adapt the interpolation at a higher resolution based on the geometric duality between the low-resolution covariance and the high-resolution covariance. The edge-directed property of covariance-based adaptation attributes to its capability of tuning the interpolation coefficients to match an arbitrarily oriented step edge. A hybrid approach of switching between bilinear interpolation and covariance-based adaptive interpolation is proposed to reduce the overall computational complexity. Two important applications of the new interpolation algorithm are studied: resolution enhancement of grayscale images and reconstruction of color images from CCD samples. Simulation results demonstrate that our new interpolation algorithm substantially improves the subjective quality of the interpolated images over conventional linear interpolation.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                J Healthc Eng
                J Healthc Eng
                JHE
                Journal of Healthcare Engineering
                Hindawi
                2040-2295
                2040-2309
                2021
                21 April 2021
                : 2021
                : 5591660
                Affiliations
                1School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
                2Center of AI Perception, AI Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
                3College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
                432021 Troops of the PLA, Beijing 100094, China
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Hao Chun Lu

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5618-8036
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7250-488X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3988-3675
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3128-9025
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5719-1974
                Article
                10.1155/2021/5591660
                8084653
                a76f4356-c750-43f1-8d98-091da7531a08
                Copyright © 2021 Huanyu Liu et al.

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 25 February 2021
                : 27 March 2021
                : 9 April 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 61671170
                Award ID: 61872085
                Funded by: Science and Technology Foundation of National Defense Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory (PDL)
                Award ID: 6142110180406
                Funded by: Science and Technology Foundation of ATR National Defense Key Laboratory
                Award ID: 6142503180402
                Funded by: China Academy of Space Technology
                Award ID: 2018CAST33
                Funded by: China Electronics Technology Group Corporation
                Funded by: Foundation of Equipment Pre-research Area
                Award ID: 6141B08231109
                Categories
                Research Article

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