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      Adherencia terapéutica: un problema de atención médica Translated title: Therapeutic adherence: a health care problem

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          Abstract

          Resumen: Hoy en día, es ampliamente sabido que la falta de adherencia al tratamiento es la principal causa de que no se obtengan todos los beneficios que los medicamentos pueden proporcionar a los pacientes; sin embargo, en la práctica clínica diaria, seguimos sin reconocer este hecho como la primera causa de fracaso terapéutico, recurriendo con frecuencia a la intensificación de tratamientos o pruebas innecesarias que pueden poner en riesgo al paciente. La falta de adherencia terapéutica es un problema de gran impacto a nivel mundial, predominando sobre todo en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas, en las cuales la adherencia a largo plazo comprende poco más del 50%, pero es más baja en países en desarrollo. Como consecuencia, tenemos mayores tasas de hospitalización, aumento en los costos sanitarios y fracasos terapéuticos, entre otros problemas. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), existen cinco factores que intervienen en la adherencia terapéutica: 1: socioeconómico, 2: relacionados con el tratamiento, 3: relacionados con el paciente, 4: relacionados con la enfermedad y 5: relacionados con el equipo sanitario. A pesar de que se han descrito diversos planes para mejorar la adherencia, con la evidencia disponible hasta el momento no se puede recomendar una estrategia específica que sea eficaz y que sirva en todos los casos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: It is widely known that the lack of adherence to treatment is the main cause of not obtaining all the benefits that medicines can provide to patients, and yet, in daily clinical practice, we continue not to integrate this fact as the first cause of therapeutic failure, often resorting to the intensification of treatments or unnecessary tests that can put the patient at risk. The lack of therapeutic adherence is a problem of great impact worldwide, predominating mainly in patients with chronic diseases, in which long term adherence is little more than 50%, and even lower in developing countries. As a consequence, there are higher rates of hospitalization, increased health costs and therapeutic failures, among others. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are five factors involved in adherence: socioeconomic, treatment-related, patient-related, disease-related and health equipment-related. Although several plans have been described to improve adherence, with the evidence available so far, a specific strategies that is effective and useful in all cases can’t be recommended at this time.

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          Most cited references29

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          Thinking outside the pillbox--medication adherence as a priority for health care reform.

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            Improving Medication Adherence in Patients with Hypertension: A Randomized Trial.

            In patients with hypertension, medication adherence is often suboptimal, thereby increasing the risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke. In a randomized trial, we investigated the effectiveness of a multifaceted pharmacist intervention in a hospital setting to improve medication adherence in hypertensive patients. Motivational interviewing was a key element of the intervention.
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              Adherencia y persistencia terapéutica: causas, consecuencias y estrategias de mejora

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                amga
                Acta médica Grupo Ángeles
                Acta méd. Grupo Ángeles
                Grupo Ángeles, Servicios de Salud (México, Distrito Federal, Mexico )
                1870-7203
                September 2018
                : 16
                : 3
                : 226-232
                Affiliations
                [4] Seattle Washington orgnameUniversity of Washington orgdiv1Department of Medicine United States
                [2] Ciudad de México orgnameHospital Ángeles Pedregal México
                [3] Ciudad de México orgnameUniversidad La Salle Mexico
                [1] Ciudad de México orgnameGrupo Ángeles Servicios de Salud México
                Article
                S1870-72032018000300226
                a8a5211c-0ac3-45d8-b679-888397b88f12

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 05 February 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos de revisión

                Adherencia terapéutica,cumplimiento de tratamiento,tratamiento de enfermedades crónicas,Therapeutic adherence,adherence to treatment,treatment of chronic diseases

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