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      Fatores associados à hipertensão arterial em jovens integrantes do tiro de guerra de Maringá Translated title: Factores asociados a la hipertensión en jóvenes integrantes del servicio militar de Maringá Translated title: Hypertension associated factors in uoung members of the army station in Maringá

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          Abstract

          Estudo elaborado com o objetivo de avaliar os níveis pressóricos de adultos jovens masculinos, integrantes de um serviço militar obrigatório na cidade de Maringá-PR, e os fatores associados a eventuais alterações, como sobrepeso, obesidade e antecedente familiar de hipertensão arterial. Foram avaliados 196 jovens, com idade média de 18,32 anos, em relação às medidas de pressão arterial, peso, altura, além do autopreenchimento de um questionário, contendo dados pessoais, escolaridade, antecedente pessoal e familiar de hipertensão arterial. Encontrou-se uma prevalência de hipertensão arterial de 6,1% e pressão na faixa limítrofe de 7,65%. Entre os jovens hipertensos, 50% apresentavam-se com sobrepeso ou obesidade, havendo significância estatística entre pressão arterial e índice de massa corpórea. Antecedentes familiares para hipertensão estavam presentes em 26,5% dos jovens participantes do estudo, no entanto não houve significância estatística entre os jovens hipertensos e a existência de antecedentes familiares. Os resultados encontrados sugerem a necessidade de averiguação da pressão arterial desde a infância e adolescência, principalmente quando há fatores de risco presentes, como no caso do sobrepeso e obesidade, e também a importância de programas de prevenção da obesidade em todas as faixas etárias.

          Translated abstract

          Estudio elaborado con el objetivo de evaluar los niveles de presión de adultos jóvenes masculinos, integrantes de un servicio militar obligatorio en la ciudad de Maringa-PR, y los factores asociados a eventuales alteraciones, como sobrepeso, obesidad y antecedente familiar de hipertensión arterial. Fueron evaluados 196 jóvenes, con edad media de 18,32 años, con relación a las medidas de presión arterial, peso, altura, además del auto relleno de una encuesta, conteniendo datos personales, escolaridad, antecedente personal y familiar de hipertensión arterial. Se encontró una prevalencia de hipertensión arterial de 6,1% y presión en la faja limítrofe de 7,65%. Entre los jóvenes hipertensos, 50% se presentaban con sobrepeso o obesidad, habiendo significación estadística entre presión arterial e índice de masa del cuerpo. Antecedentes familiares para hipertensión estaban presentes en 26,5% de los jóvenes participantes del estudio, pero no hubo significación estadística entre los jóvenes hipertensos y la existencia de antecedentes familiares. Los resultados encontrados sugieren la necesidad de investigación de la presión arterial desde la niñez y pubertad, principalmente cuando hay factores de riesgo presentes, como en el caso del sobrepeso y obesidad, y también la importancia de programas de prevención de la obesidad en todas las franjas de edad

          Translated abstract

          This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the blood pressure levels of young males undergoing compulsory military service in the city of Maringá (Paraná State) and the factors associated with eventual alterations, such as overweight, obesity and family history of arterial hypertension. The study evaluated 196 young males, with an average age of 18.32 years, regarding blood pressure, weight and height. The participants also filled out a questionnaire containing personal data, educational level, personal and family history of arterial hypertension. Arterial hypertension was detected in 6.1% of participants, and borderline hypertension was found in 7.65% of them. Among the hypertensive young men, 50% presented overweight or obesity, with a statistical significance between blood pressure and body mass index. There was a family history of hypertension for 26.5% of the young participants in the study; however, there was no statistical significance between the hypertension in the young men and the existence of a family history of hypertension. The results suggest the need for blood pressure monitoring since childhood and adolescence, mainly when risk factors are present (as in the case of overweight and obesity), and also the importance of obesity prevention programs in all age groups.

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          Assessment of frequency of progression to hypertension in non-hypertensive participants in the Framingham Heart Study: a cohort study.

          Patients with optimum ( 140/90 mm Hg) over time. We aimed to establish the best frequency of BP screening by assessing the rates and determinants of progression to hypertension. We assessed repeated BP measurements in individuals without hypertension (BP<140/90 mm Hg) from the Framingham Study (4200 men, 5645 women; mean age 52 years) who attended clinic examinations during 1978-94. The incidence of hypertension (or use of antihypertensive treatment) and its determinants were studied. A stepwise increase in hypertension incidence occurred across the three non-hypertensive BP categories; 5.3% (95% CI 4.4-6.3%) of participants with optimum BP, 17.6% (15.2-20.3%) with normal, and 37.3% (33.3-41.5%) with high normal BP aged below age 65 years progressed to hypertension over 4 years. Corresponding 4-year rates of progression for patients 65 years and older were 16.0% (12.0-20.9), 25.5% (20.4-31.4), and 49.5% (42.6-56.4), respectively. Obesity and weight gain also contributed to progression; a 5% weight gain on follow-up was associated with 20-30% increased odds of hypertension. High normal BP and normal BP frequently progress to hypertension over a period of 4 years, especially in older adults. These findings support recommendations for monitoring individuals with high normal BP once a year, and monitoring those with normal BP every 2 years, and they emphasise the importance of weight control as a measure for primary prevention of hypertension.
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            Influence of weight reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

            Increased body weight is a strong risk factor for hypertension. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to estimate the effect of weight reduction on blood pressure overall and in population subgroups. Twenty-five randomized, controlled trials (comprising 34 strata) published between 1966 and 2002 with a total of 4874 participants were included. A random-effects model was used to account for heterogeneity among trials. A net weight reduction of -5.1 kg (95% confidence interval [CI], -6.03 to -4.25) by means of energy restriction, increased physical activity, or both reduced systolic blood pressure by -4.44 mm Hg (95% CI, -5.93 to -2.95) and diastolic blood pressure by -3.57 mm Hg (95% CI, -4.88 to -2.25). Blood pressure reductions were -1.05 mm Hg (95% CI, -1.43 to -0.66) systolic and -0.92 mm Hg (95% CI, -1.28 to -0.55) diastolic when expressed per kilogram of weight loss. As expected, significantly larger blood pressure reductions were observed in populations with an average weight loss >5 kg than in populations with less weight loss, both for systolic (-6.63 mm Hg [95% CI, -8.43 to -4.82] vs -2.70 mm Hg [95% CI, -4.59 to -0.81]) and diastolic (-5.12 mm Hg [95% CI, -6.48 to -3.75] vs -2.01 mm Hg [95% CI, -3.47 to -0.54]) blood pressure. The effect on diastolic blood pressure was significantly larger in populations taking antihypertensive drugs than in untreated populations (-5.31 mm Hg [95% CI, -6.64 to -3.99] vs -2.91 mm Hg [95% CI, -3.66 to -2.16]). This meta-analysis clearly shows that weight loss is important for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
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              Update on the 1987 Task Force Report on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: a working group report from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on Hypertension Control in Children and Adolescents.

              The "Report of the Second Task Force on Blood Pressure Control in Children-1987" developed normative blood pressure (BP) data for children and adolescents. These normative data are used to classify BP levels. Since 1987, additional BP data in children and adolescents, the use of newer classes of drugs, and the role of primary prevention of hypertension have expanded the body of knowledge regarding the classification and treatment of hypertension in the young. To report new normative BP data in children and adolescents and to provide additional information regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of hypertension in children. A working group was appointed by the director of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute as chair of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program (NHBPEP) Coordinating Committee. Data on children from the 1988 through 1991 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III and nine additional national data sets were combined to develop normative BP tables. The working group members produced initial draft documents that were reviewed by NHBPEP Coordinating Committee representatives as well as experts in pediatrics, cardiology, and hypertension. This reiterative process occurred for 12 draft documents. The NHBPEP Coordinating Committee discussed the report, and additional comments were received. Differences of opinion were adjudicated by the chair of the working group. The final report was sent to representatives of the 44 organizations on the NHBPEP Coordinating Committee for vote. It was approved unanimously by the NHBPEP Coordinating Committee on October 2, 1995. This report provides new normative BP tables for children and adolescents, which now include height percentiles, age, and gender. The fifth Korotkoff sound is now used to define diastolic BP in children and adolescents. New charts have been developed to guide practicing clinicians in antihypertensive drug therapy selection. The primary prevention of hypertension in these age groups is discussed. A statement on public health considerations in the treatment of children and adolescents is provided.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ccs
                Ciência, Cuidado & Saúde
                Ciênc. cuid. saúde
                Universidade Estadual de Maringá (Maringá, PR, Brazil )
                1677-3861
                2007
                : 6
                : suppl 2
                : 370-376
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Maringá
                Article
                S1677-38612007000600006 S1677-3861(07)00600006
                c22793a9-0086-4d99-8678-56a3b07c2b94

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 17, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Revista de Enfermagem

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Prevention and control,Presión arterial,Diagnóstico,Epidemiología,Complicaciones,Prevención y control,Pressão arterial,Epidemiologia,Complicações,Prevenção e Controle,Blood pressure,Diagnosis,Epidemiology,Complications

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