Complete Genome Sequence of Torque teno indri virus 1, a Novel Anellovirus in Blood from a Free-Living Lemur

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ABSTRACT

We identified Torque teno indri virus 1 (TTIV1), the first anellovirus in a free-living lemur ( Indri indri). The complete circular 2,572-nucleotide (nt) TTIV1 genome is distantly related to torque teno sus virus. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses support TTIV1 as a putative member of a new genus within the Anelloviridae family.

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A novel DNA virus (TTV) associated with elevated transaminase levels in posttransfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology.

T Nishizawa, H Okamoto, K Konishi … (1997)

By means of representational difference analysis, a viral clone (N22) of 500 nucleotides was isolated from serum of a patient (TT) with posttransfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology. The N22 clone showed a poor homology to any reported sequences. Oligonucleotide primers were deduced from the N22 sequence for detecting it by polymerase chain reaction. N22 sequence in serum banded at a sucrose density of 1.26 g/cm3, indicating its association with a viral particle which was designated TT virus (TTV). Since nucleic acids of TTV were sensitive to DNase I, it would be a DNA virus. TTV DNA was detected in sera from three of the five patients with posttransfusion non-A to G hepatitis, including the index case (TT). TTV DNA titers closely correlated with aminotransferase levels in the three patients. These results indicate that TTV would be a novel DNA virus with a possible capacity to induce posttransfusion non-A to G hepatitis. Copyright 1997 Academic Press.

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VirusSeeker, a computational pipeline for virus discovery and virome composition analysis.

Guoyan Zhao, Guang Wu, Efrem Lim … (2017)

The advent of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has vastly increased our ability to discover novel viruses and to systematically define the spectrum of viruses present in a given specimen. Such studies have led to the discovery of novel viral pathogens as well as broader associations of the virome with diverse diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, severe acute malnutrition and HIV/AIDS. Critical to the success of these efforts are robust bioinformatic pipelines for rapid classification of microbial sequences. Existing computational tools are typically focused on either eukaryotic virus discovery or virome composition analysis but not both. Here we present VirusSeeker, a BLAST-based NGS data analysis pipeline designed for both purposes. VirusSeeker has been successfully applied in several previously published virome studies. Here we demonstrate the functionality of VirusSeeker in both novel virus discovery and virome composition analysis.

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Increased Prevalence of Anellovirus in Pediatric Patients with Fever

Erin McElvania-TeKippe, Kristine Wylie, Elena Deych … (2012)

The Anelloviridae family consists of non-enveloped, circular, single-stranded DNA viruses. Three genera of anellovirus are known to infect humans, named TTV, TTMDV, and TTMV. Although anelloviruses were initially thought to cause non-A-G viral hepatitis, continued research has shown no definitive associations between anellovirus and human disease to date. Using high-throughput sequencing, we investigated the association between anelloviruses and fever in pediatric patients 2–36 months of age. We determined that although anelloviruses were present in a large number of specimens from both febrile and afebrile patients, they were more prevalent in the plasma and nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens of febrile patients compared to afebrile controls. Using PCR to detect each of the three species of anellovirus that infect humans, we found that anellovirus species TTV and TTMDV were more prevalent in the plasma and NP specimens of febrile patients compared to afebrile controls. This was not the case for species TTMV which was found in similar percentages of febrile and afebrile patient specimens. Analysis of patient age showed that the percentage of plasma and NP specimens containing anellovirus increased with age until patients were 19–24 months of age, after which the percentage of anellovirus positive patient specimens dropped. This trend was striking for TTV and TTMDV and very modest for TTMV in both plasma and NP specimens. Finally, as the temperature of febrile patients increased, so too did the frequency of TTV and TTMDV detection. Again, TTMV was equally present in both febrile and afebrile patient specimens. Taken together these data indicate that the human anellovirus species TTV and TTMDV are associated with fever in children, while the highly related human anellovirus TTMV has no association with fever.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Genome Announc

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Genome Announc

Journal ID (hwp): ga

Journal ID (pmc): ga

Journal ID (publisher-id): GA

Title: Genome Announcements

Publisher: American Society for Microbiology (1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC )

ISSN (Electronic): 2169-8287

Publication date (Electronic): 27 July 2017

Publication date Collection: July 2017

Volume: 5

Issue: 30

Electronic Location Identifier: e00698-17

Affiliations

[a ]Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

[b ]Institute for Conservation Medicine, Saint Louis Zoo, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

[c ]Madagascar Fauna and Flora Group, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

[d ]School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

[e ]Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

Author notes

Address correspondence to Efrem S. Lim, efrem.lim@ 123456asu.edu .

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Efrem S. Lim http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-9310

Article

Publisher ID: genomeA00698-17

DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00698-17

PMC ID: 5532837

PubMed ID: 28751399

SO-VID: 3be71c10-2ddf-4a33-be72-b75195c750ca

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

History

Date received : 2 June 2017

Date accepted : 15 June 2017

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 2, Words: 1302

Funding

Funded by: Field Research for Conservation

Award ID: FRC#14-04

Award Recipient : Sharon L. Deem Award Recipient : Ingrid J. Porton Award Recipient : David Wang Award Recipient : Efrem S. Lim

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cover-date July 2017

ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics

Complete Genome Sequence of Torque teno indri virus 1, a Novel Anellovirus in Blood from a Free-Living Lemur

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Most cited references 13

A novel DNA virus (TTV) associated with elevated transaminase levels in posttransfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology.

VirusSeeker, a computational pipeline for virus discovery and virome composition analysis.

Increased Prevalence of Anellovirus in Pediatric Patients with Fever

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