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      Predictors of Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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          Abstract

          <p xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="first" dir="auto" id="d13978121e328">Several programmed death ligand-1 (PD1/L1) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are approved in urothelial carcinoma (UC). </p>

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          Most cited references40

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          Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

          This article provides an update on the global cancer burden using the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Worldwide, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths (9.9 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) occurred in 2020. Female breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases (11.7%), followed by lung (11.4%), colorectal (10.0 %), prostate (7.3%), and stomach (5.6%) cancers. Lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death, with an estimated 1.8 million deaths (18%), followed by colorectal (9.4%), liver (8.3%), stomach (7.7%), and female breast (6.9%) cancers. Overall incidence was from 2-fold to 3-fold higher in transitioned versus transitioning countries for both sexes, whereas mortality varied <2-fold for men and little for women. Death rates for female breast and cervical cancers, however, were considerably higher in transitioning versus transitioned countries (15.0 vs 12.8 per 100,000 and 12.4 vs 5.2 per 100,000, respectively). The global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47% rise from 2020, with a larger increase in transitioning (64% to 95%) versus transitioned (32% to 56%) countries due to demographic changes, although this may be further exacerbated by increasing risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts to build a sustainable infrastructure for the dissemination of cancer prevention measures and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries is critical for global cancer control.
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            Conducting Meta-Analyses inRwith themetaforPackage

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              Pembrolizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma

              New England Journal of Medicine, 376(11), 1015-1026
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                Author and article information

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                Journal
                Clinical Genitourinary Cancer
                Clinical Genitourinary Cancer
                Elsevier BV
                15587673
                October 2023
                October 2023
                : 21
                : 5
                : 574-583
                Article
                10.1016/j.clgc.2023.05.017
                37419854
                7b307df1-48f2-4c88-b4a4-6f00e98e42ea
                © 2023

                https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-017

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-037

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-012

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-029

                https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-004

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