[1
]GRID grid.25073.33, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8227, Department of Medicine, , McMaster University, ; Hamilton, Canada
[2
]GRID grid.25073.33, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8227, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, , McMaster University, ; Hamilton, Canada
[3
]GRID grid.475435.4, Department of Intensive Care, , Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, ; 4131 Copenhagen, Denmark
[4
]Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (SSAI), Copenhagen,
Denmark
[5
]GRID grid.452607.2, ISNI 0000 0004 0580 0891, Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin
Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, , King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, ; Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
[6
]GRID grid.251993.5, ISNI 0000000121791997, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of
Medicine, , Montefiore Healthcare System/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, ; Bronx, NY USA
[7
]GRID grid.17063.33, ISNI 0000 0001 2157 2938, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Health Policy,
Management and Evaluation, , University of Toronto, ; Toronto, Canada
[8
]GRID grid.40263.33, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9094, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, , Brown University, ; Providence, RI USA
[9
]GRID grid.240588.3, ISNI 0000 0001 0557 9478, Rhode Island Hospital, ; Providence, RI USA
[10
]GRID grid.5477.1, ISNI 0000000120346234, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, , Utrecht University, ; Utrecht, The Netherlands
[11
]GRID grid.7692.a, ISNI 0000000090126352, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, ; Utrecht, The Netherlands
[12
]GRID grid.21729.3f, ISNI 0000000419368729, Department of Pharmacy, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, , Columbia University Irving Medical Center, ; New York, NY USA
[13
]GRID grid.413106.1, ISNI 0000 0000 9889 6335, Medical ICU, , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, ; 1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Beijing, 100730 China
[14
]GRID grid.413104.3, ISNI 0000 0000 9743 1587, Department of Critical Care Medicine, , Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, ; Toronto, ON Canada
[15
]GRID grid.17063.33, ISNI 0000 0001 2157 2938, Department of Anesthesia and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine,
, University of Toronto, ; Toronto, ON Canada
[16
]GRID grid.417728.f, ISNI 0000 0004 1756 8807, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, , Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, ; Rozzano, Milan, Italy
[17
]GRID grid.452490.e, Department of Biomedical Science, , Humanitas University, ; Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
[18
]GRID grid.267370.7, ISNI 0000 0004 0533 4667, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, , University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ; Seoul, Korea
[19
]GRID grid.419681.3, ISNI 0000 0001 2164 9667, Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center and
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, , National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, ; Baltimore, USA
[20
]GRID grid.7445.2, ISNI 0000 0001 2113 8111, Faculty of Medicine, , Imperial College, ; London, UK
[21
]GRID grid.43519.3a, ISNI 0000 0001 2193 6666, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, , United Arab Emirates University, ; PO Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
[22
]GRID grid.415102.3, ISNI 0000 0004 0545 1978, Population Health Research Institute, ; Hamilton, Canada
[23
]GRID grid.451349.e, Microbiology and Infection Control, , St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust & St George’s University of
London, ; London, UK
[24
]GRID grid.412162.2, ISNI 0000 0004 0441 5844, Emory University Hospital, ; Atlanta, USA
[25
]GRID grid.17063.33, ISNI 0000 0001 2157 2938, Division of Infectious Diseases, , University of Toronto, ; Toronto, Canada
[26
]GRID grid.273335.3, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9887, Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, , State University of New York at Buffalo, ; Buffalo, USA
[27
]GUIDE Research Methods Group, Hamilton, Canada
[28
]GRID grid.39382.33, ISNI 0000 0001 2160 926X, Houston Children’s Hospital, , Baylor College of Medicine, ; Houston, USA
[29
]GRID grid.25073.33, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8227, Department of Anesthesia, , McMaster University, ; Hamilton, Canada
[30
]GRID grid.7563.7, ISNI 0000 0001 2174 1754, Department of Medicine and Surgery, , Milano-Bicocca University, ; Milan, Italy
[31
]GRID grid.415025.7, ISNI 0000 0004 1756 8604, ASST-Monza, Desio and San Gerardo Hospital, ; Monza, Italy
[32
]GRID grid.415254.3, ISNI 0000 0004 1790 7311, Department of Emergency Medicine, , King Abdulaziz Medical City, ; Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
[33
]GRID grid.415696.9, Director, Research and Innovation Centre, King Saud Medical City, , Ministry of Health, ; Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
[34
]GRID grid.415508.d, ISNI 0000 0001 1964 6010, Critical Care Division, , The George Institute for Global Health and UNSW, ; Sydney, Australia
[35
]GRID grid.412703.3, ISNI 0000 0004 0587 9093, Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, , Royal North Shore Hospital, ; Sydney, Australia
[36
]GRID grid.27755.32, ISNI 0000 0000 9136 933X, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine,
, University, of Virginia, School of Medicine, ; Charlottesville, VA USA
[37
]GRID grid.34477.33, ISNI 0000000122986657, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, , University of Washington, ; Seattle, USA
[38
]GRID grid.451349.e, Adult Critical Care, , St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust & St George’s University of
London, ; London, UK
