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      Whole-Genome Sequences of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Isolates from Kerala, India

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          ABSTRACT

          We report here the whole-genome sequence of six clinical isolates of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, isolated from Kerala, India. Amino acid analysis of all gene segments from the A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates obtained in 2014 and 2015 identified several new mutations compared to the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic strain.

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          Emergence of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 genogroup 6B and drug resistant virus, India, January to May 2015.

          Manmohan Parida, Paban Dash, Jyoti Kumar … (2016)
          To investigate the aetiology of the 2015 A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza outbreak in India, 1,083 nasopharyngeal swabs from suspect patients were screened for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Of 412 positive specimens, six were further characterised by phylogenetic analysis of haemagglutinin (HA) sequences revealing that they belonged to genogroup 6B. A new mutation (E164G) was observed in HA2 of two sequences. Neuraminidase genes in two of 12 isolates from fatal cases on prior oseltamivir treatment harboured the H275Y mutation.
          Article 0 comments Cited 21 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Genome-Wide Analysis of Evolutionary Markers of Human Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) Viruses May Guide Selection of Vaccine Strain Candidates

            Sergei S. Belanov, Dmitrii Bychkov, Christian Benner … (2015)
            Here we analyzed whole-genome sequences of 3,969 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and 4,774 A(H3N2) strains that circulated during 2009–2015 in the world. The analysis revealed changes at 481 and 533 amino acid sites in proteins of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) strains, respectively. Many of these changes were introduced as a result of random drift. However, there were 61 and 68 changes that were present in relatively large number of A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) strains, respectively, that circulated during relatively long time. We named these amino acid substitutions evolutionary markers, as they seemed to contain valuable information regarding the viral evolution. Interestingly, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses acquired non-overlapping sets of evolutionary markers. We next analyzed these characteristic markers in vaccine strains recommended by the World Health Organization for the past five years. Our analysis revealed that vaccine strains carried only few evolutionary markers at antigenic sites of viral hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). The absence of these markers at antigenic sites could affect the recognition of HA and NA by human antibodies generated in response to vaccinations. This could, in part, explain moderate efficacy of influenza vaccines during 2009–2014. Finally, we identified influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) strains, which contain all the evolutionary markers of influenza A strains circulated in 2015, and which could be used as vaccine candidates for the 2015/2016 season. Thus, genome-wide analysis of evolutionary markers of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses may guide selection of vaccine strain candidates.
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              Death toll from swine flu in India exceeds 2500.

              Sophie Cousins (2015)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Genome Announc
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Genome Announc
                Journal ID (hwp): ga
                Journal ID (pmc): ga
                Journal ID (publisher-id): GA
                Title: Genome Announcements
                Publisher: American Society for Microbiology (1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2169-8287
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 July 2017
                Publication date Collection: July 2017
                Volume: 5
                Issue: 28
                Electronic Location Identifier: e00598-17
                Affiliations
                [a ]Viral Disease Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
                [b ]Microbiome Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
                [c ]Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
                Author notes
                Address correspondence to Radhakrishna Madhavan Pillai, mrpillai@ 123456rgcb.res.in .
                Article
                Publisher ID: genomeA00598-17
                DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00598-17
                PMC ID: 5511911
                PubMed ID: 28705972
                SO-VID: 0850b969-0e25-439f-904f-26024952eebb
                Copyright © Copyright © 2017 Jones et al.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

                History
                Date received : 9 May 2017
                Date accepted : 18 May 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 4, Pages: 2, Words: 1025
                Funding
                Funded by: Department of Biotechnology , Ministry of Science and Technology (DBT) https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001407
                Award ID: BT/MB/Indo-US/HIPC/03/2013
                Award Recipient : Radhakrishna Madhavan Pillai
                Funded by: Department of Science and Technology | Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment (KSCSTE) https://doi.org/10.13039/501100006144
                Award ID: (T)387/KBC/2011/CSTE
                Award Recipient : Sara Jones Award Recipient : Radhakrishna Madhavan Pillai
                Categories
                Subject: Viruses
                Custom metadata
                cover-date July 2017

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics

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